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The dual process model of coping is a model for coping with grief developed by Margaret Stroebe and Henk Schut. This model seeks to address shortcomings of prior models of coping, and provide a framework that better represents the natural variation in coping experience on a day to day basis.
Dual process model of coping. In the context of the support provided after loss, these distinctions in types of support cohere with the widely known dual-process model of coping for grief, which distinguishes between restoration-oriented and loss-oriented coping. [27]
The children who experience bereavement and grief can receive treatment involving group intervention, [4] play therapy, [5] and cognitive behavioral therapy. [6] Different forms of treatment for children experiencing bereavement and or grief can help to reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, social adjustment, and posttraumatic stress. [4]
Grief counseling is commonly recommended for individuals who experience difficulties dealing with a personally significant loss. Grief counseling facilitates expression of emotion and thought about the loss, including their feeling sad, anxious, angry, lonely, guilty, relieved, isolated, confused etc.
According to Groves and Thompson, the process of habituation also mimics a dual process. The dual process theory of behavioral habituation relies on two underlying (non-behavioral) processes; depression and facilitation with the relative strength of one over the other determining whether or not habituation or sensitization is seen in the behavior.
Emotional detachment is a manipulative coping mechanism, which allows a person to react calmly to highly emotional circumstances. Emotional detachment, in this sense, is a decision to avoid engaging emotional connections, rather than an inability or difficulty in doing so, typically for personal, social, or other reasons.
On the other hand, there are other theoretically based, scientific perspectives that better represent the course of grief and bereavement such as: trajectories approach, cognitive stress theory, meaning-making approach, psychosocial transition model, two-track model, dual process model, and the task model. [44]
Stage three consists of children seeking out coping strategies. [3] Lastly, in stage four, children execute one or more of the coping strategies. [3] However, children with lower tolerance for stressors are more susceptible to alarm and find a broader array of events to be stressful. [3] These children often experience chronic or toxic stress. [3]