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Ovarian tumours by incidence and risk of ovarian cancer, with adult granulosa cell tumour at right [7] Using next generation DNA sequencing, 97% of adult granulosa cell tumours were found to contain an identical mutation in the FOXL2 gene . This is a somatic mutation, meaning it is not usually transmitted to descendants.
The granulosa cells are usually arranged haphazardly around the space. They are pathognomonic for granulosa cell tumors. Histologically, these tumors consists of monotonous islands of granulosa cells with "coffee-bean" nuclei. That same nuclear groove appearance noted in Brenner tumour, an epithelial-stromal ovarian tumor distinguishable by ...
Granular cell tumor is a tumor that can develop on any skin or mucosal surface, but occurs on the tongue 40% of the time. It is also known as Abrikossoff's tumor, [1] granular cell myoblastoma, [1] granular cell nerve sheath tumor, [1] and granular cell schwannoma. [1] Granular cell tumors (GCTs) affect females more often than males. [2]
A retrospective study of 83 women with sex cord–stromal tumours (73 with granulosa cell tumour and 10 with Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour), all diagnosed between 1975 and 2003, reported that survival was higher with age under 50, smaller tumour size, and absence of residual disease. The study found no effect of chemotherapy. [13]
Cell culture of granulosa cells can be performed in vitro. Plating density (number of cells per volume of culture medium) plays a critical role for the differentiation. A lower plating density makes granulosa cells exhibit estrogen production, while a higher plating density makes them appear as progesterone producing theca lutein cells. [12]
Transitional cell carcinoma is an even rarer entity, in which neoplastic transitional epithelial cells similar to transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder are seen in the ovary, without the characteristic stromal/epithelial pattern of a Brenner tumour. Histologically, Leydig cell tumours of the testes and ovarian stromal Leydig cell tumours ...
It has a very superficial resemblance to the most common type of ovarian cancer (serous carcinoma of the ovary) under the microscope; however, (1) it is virtually impossible to mix-up with its malignant counterpart (serous carcinoma), and (2) does not share genetic traits of indeterminate serous tumours, also called serous borderline tumours ...
Papillary serous cystadenocarcinomas are the most common form of malignant ovarian cancer making up 26 percent of ovarian tumours in women aged over 20 in the United States. [ 1 ] As with most ovarian tumours, due to the lack of early signs of disease these tumours can be large when discovered and have often metastasized , often by spreading ...