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A forward freight agreement (FFA) is a financial forward contract that allows ship owners, charterers and speculators to hedge against the volatility of freight rates. It gives the contract owner the right to buy and sell the price of freight for future dates.
A financial plan can also be an estimation of cash needs and a decision on how to raise the cash, such as through borrowing or issuing additional shares in a company. [3] Note that the financial plan may then contain prospective financial statements, which are similar, but different, to those of a budget. Financial plans are the entire ...
The same year, the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan was adopted, which required ship energy efficiency to be monitored. [ 3 ] : 17 These were included in Annex VI of MARPOL 73/78 . That the new regulations would apply equally to all countries regardless of economic development was a source of dispute relating to the principles of Common ...
In order to maximize the economy of handling and shipping of containers on a container ship, stowage plans, [1] sometimes known as bay plans, [2] have become essential in the shipping trade. The plans are also vital for safety on board the ship and it is recommended that personnel working on ships are familiar with them.
The international shipping industry can be divided into four closely related shipping markets, each trading in a different commodity: the freight market, the sale and purchase market, the newbuilding market and the demolition market. These four markets are linked by cash flow and push the market traders in the direction they want.
Diagram of floating production storage and offloading unit FPSO OSX #1 at Rio de Janeiro Coast FPSO Mystras at work off the shore of Nigeria FPSO Crystal Ocean moored at the Port of Melbourne The circular FPSO Sevan Voyageur moored at Nymo yard at Eydehavn, Norway FPSO Firenze moored at Hellenic Shipyards, 2007 FPSO (Floating, Production, Storage, Offloading), Welplaathaven, Port of Rotterdam ...
The maritime shipping industry transported almost 11 billion metric tonnes of cargo in 2022, which accounts for nearly 3% of global carbon dioxide emissions. [3] These emissions and potential oil spills can pose chronic risks to coastal regions, marine life, and ultimately ocean health in terms of pH and ecological diversity.
Income-contingent repayment, a payment plan based on the payer's income; Industrial Cases Reports, a law report; Inishowen Community Radio (ICR FM), a local radio station broadcasting on the Inishowen Peninsula in Ireland; Intercolonial Railway, a historic Canadian railway