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A Fibonacci sequence of order n is an integer sequence in which each sequence element is the sum of the previous elements (with the exception of the first elements in the sequence). The usual Fibonacci numbers are a Fibonacci sequence of order 2.
This recursion is a primitive recursion because it computes the next value (n+1)! of the function based on the value of n and the previous value n! of the function. On the other hand, the function Fib(n), which returns the nth Fibonacci number, is defined with the recursion equations =, =,
Fibonacci numbers arise in the analysis of the Fibonacci heap data structure. A one-dimensional optimization method, called the Fibonacci search technique, uses Fibonacci numbers. [74] The Fibonacci number series is used for optional lossy compression in the IFF 8SVX audio file format used on Amiga computers.
To encode an integer N: . Find the largest Fibonacci number equal to or less than N; subtract this number from N, keeping track of the remainder.; If the number subtracted was the i th Fibonacci number F(i), put a 1 in place i − 2 in the code word (counting the left most digit as place 0).
For generalized Fibonacci sequences (satisfying the same recurrence relation, but with other initial values, e.g. the Lucas numbers) the number of occurrences of 0 per cycle is 0, 1, 2, or 4. The ratio of the Pisano period of n and the number of zeros modulo n in the cycle gives the rank of apparition or Fibonacci entry point of n .
Individual numbers in the Lucas sequence are known as Lucas numbers. Lucas numbers and Fibonacci numbers form complementary instances of Lucas sequences. The Lucas sequence has the same recursive relationship as the Fibonacci sequence, where each term is the sum of the two previous terms, but with different starting values. [1]
In computer science, corecursion is a type of operation that is dual to recursion.Whereas recursion works analytically, starting on data further from a base case and breaking it down into smaller data and repeating until one reaches a base case, corecursion works synthetically, starting from a base case and building it up, iteratively producing data further removed from a base case.
A famous example is the recurrence for the Fibonacci numbers, = + where the order is two and the linear function merely adds the two previous terms. This example is a linear recurrence with constant coefficients , because the coefficients of the linear function (1 and 1) are constants that do not depend on n . {\displaystyle n.}