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In computing, a linear-feedback shift register (LFSR) is a shift register whose input bit is a linear function of its previous state. The most commonly used linear function of single bits is exclusive-or (XOR). Thus, an LFSR is most often a shift register whose input bit is driven by the XOR of some bits of the overall shift register value.
In cryptography, the shrinking generator is a form of pseudorandom number generator intended to be used in a stream cipher.It was published in Crypto 1993 by Don Coppersmith, Hugo Krawczyk and Yishay Mansour.
In their paper, [1] Meier and Steffelbach prove that a LFSR-based self-shrinking generator with a connection polynomial of length L results in an output sequence period of at least 2 L/2, and a linear complexity of at least 2 L/2-1. Furthermore, they show that any self-shrinking generator can be represented as a shrinking-generator.
The Berlekamp–Massey algorithm is an algorithm that will find the shortest linear-feedback shift register (LFSR) for a given binary output sequence. The algorithm will also find the minimal polynomial of a linearly recurrent sequence in an arbitrary field .
A Galois insertion of B into A is a Galois connection in which the kernel operator FG is the identity on B, and hence G is an order isomorphism of B onto the set of closed elements GF [A] of A. [ 3 ] Antitone Galois connection
A "slow" lens (one that is not capable of passing a lot of light through) might have a maximum aperture from 5.6 to 11, while a "fast" lens (one that can pass more light through) might have a maximum aperture from 1 to 4. Fast lenses are, by definition, larger than slow lenses (for comparable focal length), and typically cost more. [2]
GCM uses a block cipher with block size 128 bits (commonly AES-128) operated in counter mode for encryption, and uses arithmetic in the Galois field GF(2 128) to compute the authentication tag; hence the name. Galois Message Authentication Code (GMAC) is an authentication-only variant of the GCM which can form an incremental message ...
A pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS), pseudorandom binary code or pseudorandom bitstream is a binary sequence that, while generated with a deterministic algorithm, is difficult to predict [1] and exhibits statistical behavior similar to a truly random sequence.