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The scale is open-ended with the largest eruptions in history given a magnitude of 8. A value of 0 is given for non-explosive eruptions, defined as less than 10,000 m 3 (350,000 cu ft) of tephra ejected; and 8 representing a supervolcanic eruption that can eject 1.0 × 10 12 m 3 (240 cubic miles) of tephra and have a cloud column height of over ...
Volcanoes by their volcanic explosivity index (VEI). Subcategories. This category has the following 7 subcategories, out of 7 total. V. VEI-2 volcanoes (11 P)
Satellite images of the 15 January 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Haʻapai. This is a list of volcanoes that have had large explosive eruptions during the Holocene (since about 11,650 years Before Present), with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 5 or higher, or a plume height of at least 30 km.
Volcanic eruptions that rated 6 on the volcanic explosivity index.Such eruptions release a tephra volume of at least 10 km 3 (2.4 cu mi) with profound long-term effects on the surrounding area and noticeable short-term effects on global climate.
Mackenzie, Muschalik & Broesche (2021) provided comments on the 2018 report in three separately authored sections. [4] Broesche believes that Yellowstone should be ranked higher due to the size of the volcano and the popularity of Yellowstone National Park, and Muschalik considers Mount Rainier to be just as dangerous as Kilauea due to its proximity to large population centers in Washington.
Dense-rock equivalent (DRE) is a volcanologic calculation used to estimate volcanic eruption volume. One of the widely accepted measures of the size of a historic or prehistoric eruption is the volume of magma ejected as pumice and volcanic ash, known as tephra during an explosive phase of the eruption, or the volume of lava extruded during an effusive phase of a volcanic eruption.
Prediction of volcanic activity, and volcanic eruption forecasting, is an interdisciplinary monitoring and research effort to predict the time and severity of a volcano's eruption. Of particular importance is the prediction of hazardous eruptions that could lead to catastrophic loss of life, property, and disruption of human activities.
Volcanic eruptions that rated 3 on the volcanic explosivity index. Such eruptions release a tephra volume of at least 0.01 km 3 (0.0024 cu mi) with noticeable effects on the surrounding area. For smaller volcanic eruptions that have produced at least 0.01 km 3 (0.0024 cu mi) of tephra at a time, see Category:VEI-2 eruptions.