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The duchy's historic power and influence under the Gonzaga family made it one of the main artistic, cultural, and especially musical hubs of Northern Italy and the country as a whole. Mantua also had one of the most splendid courts of Italy and Europe in the fifteenth, sixteenth, and early seventeenth centuries. [3]
The Marquisate or Margraviate of Mantua (Italian: Marchesato di Mantova) was a margraviate centered around the city of Mantua in Lombardy. Ruled by the Gonzaga family from its founding in 1433, it would later be raised to the rank of Duchy in 1530.
From 1628 to 1631, a succession war was fought between the Duke of Guastalla, supported by the Holy Roman Empire, and the Duke of Nevers, supported by France, for the control of the Duchy of Mantua. Finally, the Duke of Nevers was recognized as only Duke. In 1708, Mantua was seized by the Habsburgs, ending Gonzaga rule.
The House of Gonzaga (US: / ɡ ə n ˈ z ɑː ɡ ə, ɡ ɒ n-,-ˈ z æ ɡ-/, [2] Italian: [ɡonˈdzaːɡa]) is an Italian princely family that ruled Mantua in Lombardy, northern Italy from 1328 to 1708 (first as a captaincy-general, then margraviate, and finally duchy).
Vincenzo was a major patron of the arts and sciences, and turned Mantua into a vibrant cultural centre. On 22 September 1587, Vincent was crowned the fourth Duke of Mantua, with a glitzy ceremony in which were present the highest authority of the duchy to pay homage to the new Duke of Mantua: he then moved with a ride through the city streets. [6]
Arms of Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, President of Italy, 1992–1999 Ancestral arms: Party per fess Azure and Or, in honour point an arm armoured Or, holding a sword pommeled and bladed Argent in the base a book Argent, pages Gules, surrounded by sprig of Olive plant Vert, fructed Sable on a chief checky Argent and Gules.
During the years of the government of the Duke Ferdinando Carlo, the duchy of Mantua had a period of development and autonomy in respect of the Empire. This aroused the suspicions of the Spain which, fearing the strengthening of the small state of Mantua, decided to suspend payment of the annual contribution of 50,000 crowns a garrison of ...
Since 1308, the Duchy of Mantua had been ruled by the House of Gonzaga, who also acquired the Duchy of Montferrat in 1574 by marriage. Both territories were part of the Holy Roman Empire and were also of strategic importance to the area known as Lombardy, dominated by the Spanish-governed Duchy of Milan.