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Hypophosphatasia (/ ˌ h aɪ p oʊ ˈ f ɒ s f eɪ t ˌ eɪ ʒ ə /; also called deficiency of alkaline phosphatase, phosphoethanolaminuria, [5] or Rathbun's syndrome; [1] sometimes abbreviated HPP [6]) is a rare, and sometimes fatal, inherited [7] metabolic bone disease. [8]
Laboratory findings include low-normal serum calcium, moderately low serum phosphate, elevated serum alkaline phosphatase, and low serum 1,25 dihydroxy-vitamin D levels, hyperphosphaturia, and no evidence of hyperparathyroidism. [8] Hypophosphatemia decreases 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) causing a left shift in the oxyhemoglobin curve.
Diagnosis is generally based on blood tests finding a low calcium, low phosphorus, and a high alkaline phosphatase together with X-rays. [2] Prevention for exclusively breastfed babies is vitamin D supplements. [5] Otherwise, treatment depends on the underlying cause. [2] If due to a lack of vitamin D, treatment is usually with vitamin D and ...
The following are the most common treatments of elevated alkaline phosphatase. [23] Treatment of the underlying condition. Once doctors identify the cause of elevated ALP and diagnose a treatment, the levels of alkaline phosphatase fluctuates back to normal; Removal of medication. Drugs can be associated with increased levels of alkaline ...
The enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP, alkaline phenyl phosphatase) is a phosphatase with the physiological role of dephosphorylating compounds. The enzyme is found across a multitude of organisms, prokaryotes and eukaryotes alike, with the same general function, but in different structural forms suitable to the environment they function in. Alkaline phosphatase is found in the periplasmic ...
Roizen takes a low dose of aspirin (usually 81 milligrams), sometimes known as "baby aspirin," twice a day in the hope it will prevent heart attacks and strokes. Taking aspirin regularly long-term ...
Common side effects include sleepiness, constipation, and dry mouth. [10] Other side effects may include low blood pressure and urinary problems. [ 11 ] It appears to work by activating α 2A -adrenergic receptors in the brain , thereby decreasing sympathetic nervous system activity.
Biochemical markers (e.g. alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin) are often used to indicate liver damage. Liver injury is defined as a rise in either (a) ALT level more than three times of upper limit of normal (ULN), (b) ALP level more than twice ULN, or (c) total bilirubin level more than twice ULN when associated with ...