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The anterior auricular muscle, the smallest of the three auricular muscles, is thin and fan-shaped, and its fibers are pale and indistinct. It arises from the lateral edge of the epicranial aponeurosis , and its fibers converge to be inserted into a projection on the front of the helix .
The extrinsic auricular muscles are the three muscles surrounding the auricula or outer ear: anterior auricular muscle; superior auricular muscle; posterior auricular muscle; The superior muscle is the largest of the three, followed by the posterior and the anterior. In some mammals these muscles can adjust the direction of the pinna.
The diagram shows the shape and location of most of these components: antihelix forms a 'Y' shape where the upper parts are: Superior crus (to the left of the fossa triangularis in the diagram) Inferior crus (to the right of the fossa triangularis in the diagram) Antitragus is below the tragus; Aperture is the entrance to the ear canal
The antitragus is located just above the earlobe and points anteriorly. It is separated from the tragus by the intertragic notch. The antitragicus muscle, an intrinsic muscle of the ear, arises from the outer part of the antitragus. [1] [2] The antitragus can be much larger in some other species, most notably bats. The antitragus can be pierced ...
It merges with the occipitofrontalis muscle. In front, it forms a short and narrow prolongation between its union with the frontalis muscle (the frontal part of the occipitofrontalis muscle). On either side, the epicranial aponeurosis attaches to the anterior auricular muscles and the superior auricular muscles.
The mastoid lymph nodes (retroauricular lymph nodes or posterior auricular glands) are a small group of lymph nodes, usually two in number, located just beneath the ear, on the mastoid insertion of the sternocleidomastoideus muscle, beneath the posterior auricular muscle.
The nerve passes deep to the neck of the mandible [1] - between it and the sphenomandibular ligament [2]: 364 - and then courses deep to the lateral pterygoid muscle. [1] It issues parotid branches and then turns superiorly, posterior to its head and moving anteriorly, gives off anterior branches to the auricle.
The superior auricular muscle originates from the epicranial aponeurosis. [1] Its fibres converge to be inserted by a thin, flattened tendon into the upper part of the medial surface of the auricle of the outer ear. [1] It is the largest of the three auriculares muscles. [1] It is thin and fan-shaped.