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The Bengal tiger is a population of the Panthera tigris tigris subspecies and the nominate tiger subspecies. It ranks among the largest wild cats alive today. It is estimated to have been present in the Indian subcontinent since the Late Pleistocene for about 12,000 to 16,500 years.
The Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris [NCBI:txid74535]) [7] is the species found all across the country except Thar desert region, Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab and Kutch region. [8] These can attain the largest body size among all the Felidae, [6]: 29 and therefore are called Royal Bengal Tigers.
Tigers in the wild typically have a lifespan of 10-15 years, according to the Smithsonian's National Zoo & Conservation Biology Institute. Tigers cared for by humans can live upwards of 20 years.
The Siberian and Bengal tigers are the largest. [47] Male Bengal tigers weigh 200–260 kg (440–570 lb), and females weigh 100–160 kg (220–350 lb); island tigers are the smallest, likely due to insular dwarfism. [11] Male Sumatran tigers weigh 100–140 kg (220–310 lb), and females weigh 75–110 kg (165–243 lb). [54]
Today, the presence of tigers was confirmed in the Hukawng Valley, Htamanthi Wildlife Sanctuary, and in two small areas in the Tanintharyi Region. The Tenasserim Hills is an important area, but forests are harvested there. [47] In 2015, tigers were recorded by camera traps for the first time in the hill forests of Kayin State. [48]
The four tigers are not recorded in the Bengal tiger studbook and should not be deemed as purebred Bengal tigers. Many tigers in the world's zoos are genetically impure, and there is no reason to suppose these four are not among them. [2] The 1997 International Tiger Studbook lists the current global captive population of
As India is home to majority of the global wild tiger population, the increase in population of tigers in India played a major role in driving up global populations as well; the number of wild tigers globally rose from 3,159 in 2010 to 3,890 in 2016 according to the World Wide Fund and Global Tiger Forum.
Tiger poaching in India has seriously impacted the probability of survival of tigers in India. [1] About 3,000 wild tigers now survive compared with 100,000 at the turn of the 20th century. This abrupt decimation in population count was largely due to the slaughter of tigers by colonial and Indian elite, during the British Raj period, and ...