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Neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system: 6.6-8.2 × 10 −8: Adenosine triphosphate: Energy storage total 3.1-5.7 × 10 −4: phosphorus 5-10 × 10 −5: Adrenocorticotrophic hormone: Stimulates the adrenal cortex 2.5-12 × 10 −11 @ 6AM, mean 5.5 × 10 −11 @ 6AM, maximum 12 × 10 −11 @ 6PM, mean 3.5 × 10 −11 @ 6PM ...
The average adult has a blood volume of roughly 5 litres (11 US pt) or 1.3 gallons, [10] which is composed of plasma and formed elements. The formed elements are the two types of blood cell or corpuscle – the red blood cells, (erythrocytes) and white blood cells (leukocytes), and the cell fragments called platelets [12] that are involved in ...
The main elements that comprise the human body (including water) can be summarized as CHNOPS. Element Symbol percent mass percent atoms Oxygen O 65.0 24.0 Carbon C 18.5 12.0 Hydrogen H 9.5 62.0 Nitrogen N 2.6 1.1 Calcium Ca 1.3 0.22 Phosphorus P 0.6 0.22 Sulfur S 0.3 0.038 Potassium K 0.2 0.03 Sodium Na 0.2 0.037 Chlorine Cl 0.2 0.024 Magnesium Mg
In mammals, hemoglobin makes up about 96% of a red blood cell's dry weight (excluding water), and around 35% of the total weight (including water). [5] Hemoglobin has an oxygen-binding capacity of 1.34 mL of O 2 per gram, [6] which increases the total blood oxygen capacity seventy-fold compared to dissolved oxygen in blood plasma alone. [7]
Automated cell counters sample the blood, and quantify, classify, and describe cell populations using both electrical and optical techniques. Electrical analysis involves passing a dilute solution of the blood through an aperture across which an electrical current is flowing.
The average red blood cell contains 250 million hemoglobin molecules. [7] Hemoglobin contains a globin protein unit with four prosthetic heme groups (hence the name heme-o-globin); each heme is capable of reversibly binding with one gaseous molecule (oxygen, carbon monoxide, cyanide, etc.), [8] therefore a typical red blood cell may carry up to one billion gas molecules.
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Of this, about 2.5 g is contained in the hemoglobin needed to carry oxygen through the blood (around 0.5 mg of iron per mL of blood), [25] and most of the rest (approximately 2 grams in adult men, and somewhat less in women of childbearing age) is contained in ferritin complexes that are present in all cells, but most common in bone marrow ...