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A gravimeter measures this gravitational force. For a small body, general relativity predicts gravitational effects indistinguishable from the effects of acceleration by the equivalence principle. Thus, gravimeters can be regarded as special-purpose accelerometers. Many weighing scales may be regarded as simple
This is a list of scientific equations named after people (eponymous equations). [1. Equation Field Person(s) named after Adams–Williamson equation: Seismology: L ...
L in equation (1) above was the length of an ideal mathematical 'simple pendulum' consisting of a point mass swinging on the end of a massless cord. However the 'length' of a real pendulum, a swinging rigid body, known in mechanics as a compound pendulum , is more difficult to define.
A direct-readout theodolite, manufactured in the Soviet Union in 1958 and used for topographic surveying. A theodolite (/ θ i ˈ ɒ d ə ˌ l aɪ t /) [1] is a precision optical instrument for measuring angles between designated visible points in the horizontal and vertical planes.
Given a simply connected and open subset D of and two functions I and J which are continuous on D, an implicit first-order ordinary differential equation of the form (,) + (,) =,is called an exact differential equation if there exists a continuously differentiable function F, called the potential function, [1] [2] so that
Hamilton's equations give the time evolution of coordinates and conjugate momenta in four first-order differential equations, ˙ = ˙ = ˙ = ˙ = Momentum , which corresponds to the vertical component of angular momentum = ˙ , is a constant of motion. That is a consequence of the rotational symmetry of the ...
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (or Leibnitz; [a] 1 July 1646 [O.S. 21 June] – 14 November 1716) was a German polymath active as a mathematician, philosopher, scientist and diplomat who is credited, alongside Sir Isaac Newton, with the creation of calculus in addition to many other branches of mathematics, such as binary arithmetic and statistics.
One foundational root of group theory was the quest of solutions of polynomial equations of degree higher than 4. An early source occurs in the problem of forming an equation of degree m having as its roots m of the roots of a given equation of degree >. For simple cases, the problem goes back to Johann van Waveren Hudde (1659). [4]