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An absorption-compression heat pump (ACHP) is a device that integrate an electric compressor in an absorption heat pump. In some cases this is obtained by combining a vapor-compression heat pump and an absorption heat pump. It is also referred to as a hybrid heat pump [1] which is however a broader field.
Specifically, the heat pump transfers thermal energy using a heat pump and refrigeration cycle, cooling the cool space and warming the warm space. [1] In winter a heat pump can move heat from the cool outdoors to warm a house; the pump may also be designed to move heat from the house to the warmer outdoors in summer.
A heat pump can be used to cool or heat a house. The heat pump transfers heat by transmitting of R-410A refrigerant. [2] Hybrid heat works with gas furnace and electric heat pump systems [3] or using a variable-speed fan. Variable-speed fans use direct-current-electronically commutated motors (ECM). [4] [5]
Thermodynamic heat pump cycles or refrigeration cycles are the conceptual and mathematical models for heat pump, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. [1] A heat pump is a mechanical system that transmits heat from one location (the "source") at a certain temperature to another location (the "sink" or "heat sink") at a higher temperature. [2]
A refrigeration cycle can be operated as a heat pump to move heat from outdoors into a warmer house. A heat pump with a higher SEER rating for cooling mode would also usually be more efficient in heating mode, rated using HSPF. When operated in heating mode, a heat pump is typically more efficient than an electrical resistance heater.
The role of a heat exchanger is to transfer heat between two mediums, so the performance of the heat exchanger is closely related to energy or thermal efficiency. [11] A counter flow heat exchanger is the most efficient type of heat exchanger in transferring heat energy from one circuit to the other [citation needed].
The HSPF is related to the non-dimensional Coefficient of Performance (COP) for a heat pump, which measures the ratio of heat delivered to work done by the compressor. The HSPF can be converted to a seasonally-averaged COP assuming a lossless compressor and no heat loss by multiplying by the heat/energy equivalence factor .29307111 W·h per BTU.
A heat pump in combination with heat and cold storage. A ground source heat pump (also geothermal heat pump) is a heating/cooling system for buildings that use a type of heat pump to transfer heat to or from the ground, taking advantage of the relative constancy of temperatures of the earth through the seasons.