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Bronchopneumonia is a subtype of pneumonia.It is the acute inflammation of the bronchi, accompanied by inflamed patches in the nearby lobules of the lungs. [1]It is often contrasted with lobar pneumonia; but, in clinical practice, the types are difficult to apply, as the patterns usually overlap. [2]
The distinction was historically considered important, as it differentiated those more likely to present with "typical" respiratory symptoms and lobar pneumonia from those more likely to present with "atypical" generalized symptoms (such as fever, headache, sweating and myalgia) and bronchopneumonia.
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is infectious pneumonia in a person who has not recently been hospitalized. CAP is the most common type of pneumonia. The most common causes of CAP vary depending on a person's age, but they include Streptococcus pneumoniae, viruses, the atypical bacteria, and Haemophilus influenzae.
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X-ray presentations of pneumonia may be classified as lobar pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, lobular pneumonia, and interstitial pneumonia. [75] Bacterial, community-acquired pneumonia classically show lung consolidation of one lung segmental lobe , which is known as lobar pneumonia. [ 42 ]
Complications may include lung abscess, acute respiratory distress syndrome, empyema, parapneumonic effusion, and pneumonia [3] [1] Some include chemical induced inflammation of the lungs as a subtype, which occurs from acidic but non-infectious stomach contents entering the lungs. [1] [2] Infection can be due to a variety of bacteria. [2]
Lipid-laden alveolar macrophages in a case of vaping-associated pulmonary injury.Left: Papanicolaou stain; right: Oil Red O stain. [1]Lipid-laden alveolar macrophages, also known as pulmonary foam cells, [2] are cells found in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens that consist of macrophages containing deposits of lipids (fats). [3]