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In chemistry, the mass concentration ρ i (or γ i) is defined as the mass of a constituent m i divided by the volume of the mixture V. [1]= For a pure chemical the mass concentration equals its density (mass divided by volume); thus the mass concentration of a component in a mixture can be called the density of a component in a mixture.
Cyanocuprates undergo S N 2' substitution in the presence of allyl electrophiles and conjugate addition reactions in the presence of enones. Higher-order cyanocuprates (R 2 Cu(CN)Li 2) are formed upon the reaction of two equivalents of organolithium with copper(I) cyanide. These reagents are more reactive towards substitution than the ...
In chemistry, an activated complex represents a collection of intermediate structures in a chemical reaction when bonds are breaking and forming. The activated complex is an arrangement of atoms in an arbitrary region near the saddle point of a potential energy surface . [ 1 ]
The following outline acts as an overview of and topical guide to chemistry: . Chemistry is the science of atomic matter (matter that is composed of chemical elements), especially its chemical reactions, but also including its properties, structure, composition, behavior, and changes as they relate to the chemical reactions.
The Petasis reagent is prepared by the salt metathesis reaction of methylmagnesium chloride or methyllithium [2] with titanocene dichloride: [3] Cp 2 TiCl 2 + 2 CH 3 MgCl → Cp 2 Ti(CH 3) 2 + 2 MgCl 2. This compound is used for the transformation of carbonyl groups to terminal alkenes. It exhibits similar reactivity to the Tebbe reagent and ...
Cheminformatics (also known as chemoinformatics) refers to the use of physical chemistry theory with computer and information science techniques—so called "in silico" techniques—in application to a range of descriptive and prescriptive problems in the field of chemistry, including in its applications to biology and related molecular fields.
[2] [8] [9] While reaction calorimetry is less frequently employed than a number of other techniques, it has found use as an effective tool for catalyst screening. [10] Reaction calorimetry has also been applied as an efficient method for mechanistic study of individual reactions including the prolinate - catalyzed α- amination of aldehydes ...
Femtochemistry is the area of physical chemistry that studies chemical reactions on extremely short timescales (approximately 10 −15 seconds or one femtosecond, hence the name) in order to study the very act of atoms within molecules (reactants) rearranging themselves to form new molecules (products).