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Therefore, the model assumes that war is the undesired outcome for both actors, and only under the correct conditions will war occur. This is different than economic or other political models of war which propose that war can have a positive net utility, or provide benefits to the victor that are greater than the losses of the defeated.
In response to the Economic Calculation Problem proposed by the Austrian School of Economics that disputes the efficiency of a state-run economy, the theory of Market Socialism was developed in the late 1920s and 1930s by economists Fred M. Taylor (1855–1932), Oskar R. Lange (1904–1965), Abba Lerner (1903–1982) et al., combining Marxian ...
The theory of the firm consists of a number of economic theories that explain and predict the nature of the firm, company, or corporation, including its existence, behaviour, structure, and relationship to the market. [1] Firms are key drivers in economics, providing goods and services in return for monetary payments and rewards.
The merchant is not a source of wealth, however. The Physiocrats believed that “neither industry nor commerce generates wealth.” [2] A “plausible explanation is that the Physiocrats developed their theory in light of the actual situation of the French economy…” [2] France was an absolute monarchy with the land owners constituting 6-8% of the population and owning 50% of the land.
War usually leads to a shortage in the supply of commodities, which results in higher prices and higher revenues. Regarding supply and demand in terms of economics, profit is the most important end. During war time, "war-stuff" [15] is in high demand, and demands must be met.
The economics of defense or defense economics is a subfield of economics, an application of the economic theory to the issues of military defense. [1] It is a relatively new field. An early specialized work in the field is the RAND Corporation report The Economics of Defense in the Nuclear Age by Charles J. Hitch and Roland McKean ( [2] 1960 ...
A war economy or wartime economy is the set of preparations undertaken by a modern state to mobilize its economy for war production. Philippe Le Billon describes a war economy as a "system of producing, mobilizing and allocating resources to sustain the violence."
In military operations, economic warfare may reflect economic policy followed as a part of open or covert operations, cyber operations, information operations [2] during or preceding a war. Economic warfare aims to capture or otherwise to control the supply of critical economic resources so friendly military and intelligence agencies can use ...