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Venezuela also has 150 trillion cubic feet (4.2 × 10 12 m 3) of natural gas reserves. The crude oil PDVSA extracts from the Orinoco is refined into a fuel eponymously named 'Orimulsion'. [12] PDVSA has a production capacity, including the strategic associations and operating agreements, of 4 million barrels (640,000 m 3) per day (600,000 m 3).
On 29 August 1975, during the tenure of President Carlos Andrés Pérez, "Law that Reserves the Hydrocarbon Industry to the State" was enacted and the state-owned company Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA) was created to control all oil businesses in the Venezuelan territory. The law came into effect on 1 January 1976, as well as the ...
On 25 August 2012 at 01:11 (05:41 GMT), an explosion caused by the ignition of a leaking gas at the Amuay refinery killed 48 people, primarily National Guard troops stationed at the plant, and injured 151 others. [12] A 10-year-old boy was among the dead. [13] [14] Three days of national mourning was declared by President Hugo Chávez. [15]
The refinery was a joint venture between Hess Corporation and PDVSA. For most of its operating life as Hovensa, it supplied heating oil and gasoline to the U.S. Gulf Coast and the eastern seaboard with the crude mainly sourced from Venezuela. Previously it had sourced its crude feedstock from a number of other countries including Libya.
[3] [4] In February 2005, after a PDVSA subsidiary had taken a stake in the joint venture, the project again received approval. [3] ConocoPhillips was the operator of the field and owned 32.5% of the project, with PDVSA through subsidiary CVP holding 35%, Italian company Eni holding 26% and Taiwanese company CPC Corporation holding 6.5%. [2] [4]
The Carabobo oil field is majority owned by Venezuela's national oil company, Petroleos de Venezuela SA (PDVSA). Owning the majority of the Orinoco Belt, and its estimated 1.18 trillion barrels of oil in place, PDVSA is now the fourth largest oil company in the world. [1]
The Coordinadora Democrática, led by the business federation Fedecámaras and the trade union federation Confederación de Trabajadores de Venezuela (CTV), called for a fourth paro cívico, which turned out to be the most serious, and is known as the 2002–2003 oil strike, to begin on 2 December 2002.
A clickable Euler diagram showing the relationships between various multinational organizations in the Americas v • d • e. Petrocaribe had a total of 18 members: Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Belize, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Vincent and Grenadines, Saint Lucia, Suriname, and Venezuela.