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John Joly (/ ˈ dʒ oʊ l i /; 1 November 1857 – 8 December 1933) was an Irish geologist and physicist known for his development of radiotherapy in the treatment of cancer. He is also known for developing techniques to more accurately estimate the age of a geological period, based on radioactive elements present in minerals, the uranium–thorium dating.
This method has been employed in breast cancer (TARGeted Intra-operative radiation Therapy or TARGIT), brain tumors, and rectal cancers. Radioactive iodine, which has been used to treat thyroid diseases since 1941, survives today primarily in the treatment of thyrotoxicosis (hyperthyroidism) and some types of thyroid cancer that absorb iodine.
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John W. Nick (1933–1991; aged 58), American male breast cancer patient and activist in whose name The John W. Nick Foundation was established. [461] Jerri Nielsen (1952–2009; aged 57), American physician who famously biopsied and treated herself for breast cancer in Antarctica. [462]
Diagnosis dates are listed where the information is known. Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women after skin cancer. According to the United States National Cancer Institute, the rate of new cases of female breast cancer was 129.1 per 100,000 women per year. The death rate was 19.9 per 100,000 women per year.
Radiation therapy for a patient with a diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, with radiation dose color-coded. It is estimated that half of the US' 1.2M invasive cancer cases diagnosed in 2022 received radiation therapy in their treatment program. [5] Different cancers respond to radiation therapy in different ways. [6] [7] [8]
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MD Anderson opens the first operating room with a linear accelerator for electron beam radiotherapy, enhancing surgical cancer treatment. 1994: Invention of Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) Scientists at MD Anderson develop IMRT, a precise radiation therapy technique conforming doses to tumor shapes in three dimensions.