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The cosmic distance ladder (also known as the extragalactic distance scale) is the succession of methods by which astronomers determine the distances to celestial objects. A direct distance measurement of an astronomical object is possible only for those objects that are "close enough" (within about a thousand parsecs ) to Earth.
Messier 81 is the largest galaxy in the M81 Group, a group of 34 in the constellation Ursa Major. [28] At approximately 11.7 Mly (3.6 Mpc ) from the Earth, it makes this group and the Local Group , containing the Milky Way , [ 28 ] relative neighbors in the Virgo Supercluster .
This is a list of known galaxies within 3.8 megaparsecs (12.4 million light-years) of the Solar System, in ascending order of heliocentric distance, or the distance to the Sun. This encompasses about 50 major Local Group galaxies, and some that are members of neighboring galaxy groups , the M81 Group and the Centaurus A/M83 Group , and some ...
The M81 Group is a galaxy group in the constellations Ursa Major and Camelopardalis that includes the galaxies Messier 81 and Messier 82, as well as several other galaxies with high apparent brightnesses. [1] The approximate center of the group is located at a distance of 3.6 Mpc, making it one of the nearest groups to the Local Group. [1]
18 Tm – 123.5 AU – distance between the Sun to the farthest dwarf planet in the Solar System, the Farout 2018 VG18; 20.0 Tm – 135 AU – distance to Voyager 1 as of May 2016; 20.6 Tm – 138 AU – distance to Voyager 1 as of late February 2017; 21.1 Tm – 141 AU – distance to Voyager 1 as of November 2017
seen from 1 AU away would be over 2 × 10 16 (20 quadrillion) times as bright as the Sun when seen from the Earth −43.27 star NGC 2403 V14: seen from 1 AU away −41.82 star NGC 2363-V1: seen from 1 AU away −41.39 star Cygnus OB2-12: seen from 1 AU away −40.67 star M33-013406.63: seen from 1 AU away −40.17 star η Carinae A seen from 1 ...
The term "unit distance" is also used for the length A while, in general usage, it is usually referred to simply as the "astronomical unit", symbol au. An equivalent formulation of the old definition of the astronomical unit is the radius of an unperturbed circular Newtonian orbit about the Sun of a particle having infinitesimal mass, moving ...
380 Earth radii (very inaccurate, true=16000 Earth radii) Aristarchus of Samos made a measurement of the distance of the Sun from the Earth in relation to the distance of the Moon from the Earth. The distance to the Moon was described in Earth radii (20, also inaccurate). The diameter of the Earth had been calculated previously.