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DMax and DMin refer to the maximum and minimum density that can be produced by the material. The difference between the two is the density range. [1] The density range is related to the exposure range (dynamic range), which is the range of light intensity that is represented by the recording, via the Hurter–Driffield curve.
Spectral optical depth or spectral optical thickness is the natural logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted spectral radiant power through a material. [1] Optical depth is dimensionless , and in particular is not a length, though it is a monotonically increasing function of optical path length , and approaches zero as the path length ...
Particular light frequencies give rise to sharply defined bands on the scale which can be thought of as fingerprints. For example, the element sodium has a very characteristic double yellow band known as the Sodium D-lines at 588.9950 and 589.5924 nanometers, the color of which will be familiar to anyone who has seen a low pressure sodium vapor ...
The optical transfer function is defined as the Fourier transform of the impulse response of the optical system, also called the point spread function. The optical transfer function is thus readily obtained by first acquiring the image of a point source, and applying the two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform to the sampled
The characterization technique optical microscopy showing the micron scale dendritic microstructure of a bronze alloy. Characterization, when used in materials science, refers to the broad and general process by which a material's structure and properties are probed and measured. It is a fundamental process in the field of materials science ...
A densitometer is a device that measures the degree of darkness (the optical density) of a photographic or semitransparent material or of a reflecting surface. [1] The densitometer is basically a light source aimed at a photoelectric cell . [ 2 ]
Neutron scattering can also yield information on pair correlations as well. For systems composed of particles larger than about one micrometer, optical microscopy can be used to measure both equal-time and equal-position correlation functions. Optical microscopy is thus common for colloidal suspensions, especially in two dimensions.
Mie Scattering from a sphere. x is the wave number times the sphere's radius and m is the refractive index of the sphere divided by the refractive index of the medium.