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Floods have hit Jakarta several times in the past, including in 1621, 1654, 1918, 1942, 1976, 1996, 2002, 2007, 2013 and 2015. A significant contributing factor is that a substantial part of Jakarta is low-lying; some 24,000 ha (240 km 2) of the main part of Jakarta are below sea level. [6]
The area of the Jakarta Special District is 662 km 2 of land area and 6,977 km 2 of sea area. [2]Jakarta lies in a low, flat basin, averaging 7 metres (23 ft) above sea level; [citation needed] 40% of Jakarta, particularly the northern areas, is below sea level, [3] while the southern parts are comparatively hilly.
The 2007 Jakarta flood was a major flood in Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia and affected several other areas around the city, such as West Java and Banten.The flood, beginning on February 2, 2007 was a result of heavy rain, deforestation in areas south of the city, and waterways clogged with debris. [2]
The 23.6 km East Flood Canal (Indonesian: Kanal Banjir Timur/KBT, sometimes erroneously spelled as Banjir Kanal Timur/BKT) flows from East Jakarta to North Jakarta. [5] The width of the canal varies from 100 to 300 m. [5] Construction began on 22 June 2002, [5] but has been delayed due to problems in clearing the area. [6]
The 2021 South Kalimantan floods were a series of floods in the South Kalimantan province of Indonesia. It was the worst flood to affect the region in the last ten years, and the first major flood in the past fifty years. [1] Most of the region affected had never experienced such a flood before. [2] There were 15 deaths while many are missing. [3]
The BNPB declared a 14-day state of emergency in West Sumatra [14] and distributed a total of Rp 3.2 billion in aid to local governments affected by the floods. [15] They were also involved in searching for missing people in areas near rivers and clearing important roads from large rocks, debris and mud due to flooding.
Natural disasters in Indonesia can usefully be divided into major disasters, medium level disasters, and lesser disasters which although causing less damage are very common across Indonesia. These can conveniently be considered as macro, mezzo, and micro events. Policies to respond deal with each of these different types of disasters.
The following is a list of disasters in Indonesia that have had widespread effects or received substantial attention. It is split into natural and manmade disasters ...