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In Japan, the use of amalgam began to decline around the 1990s; since 2016, fillings with amalgam alloys have been excluded from insurance coverage. Amalgam is still allowed as of 2023, but is rarely used because it is very expensive. Dental composite and palladium alloys are used instead. [143]
Amalgam does not adhere to tooth structure without the aid of cements or use of techniques which lock in the filling, using the same principles as a dovetail joint. Amalgam is still used extensively in many parts of the world because of its cost effectiveness, superior strength and longevity.
Amalgam filling on first molar. In dentistry, amalgam is an alloy of mercury used to fill teeth cavities. [1] It is made by mixing a combination of liquid mercury and particles of solid metals such as silver, copper or tin.
Hal Alan Huggins (1937 – November 29, 2014) was an American alternative dentistry advocate and campaigner against the use of dental amalgam fillings and other dental therapies that he believed to be unsafe. [1] [2] Huggins began to promote his ideas in the 1970s and played a major role in generating controversy over the use of amalgam. [3]
Composites and amalgam are used mainly for direct restoration. Composites can be made of color matching the tooth, and the surface can be polished after the filling procedure has been completed. Amalgam fillings expand with age, possibly cracking the tooth and requiring repair and filling replacement, but chance of leakage of filling is less.
An amalgam dental filling. Dentistry has used alloys of mercury with metals such as silver, copper, indium, tin and zinc. Amalgam is an "excellent and versatile restorative material" [9] and is used in dentistry because it is inexpensive and relatively easy to use and manipulate during placement. It remains soft for a short time so it can be ...
Amalgam filling was the recommended material for root-end fillings until the 1990s, when safety concerns (leakage, toxicity, and corrosion) prompted re-evaluation of its use. [23] Calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) are considered more suitable, since they enhance periradicular tissue regeneration.
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