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Reelin's name comes from the abnormal reeling gait of reeler mice, [17] which were later found to have a deficiency of this brain protein and were homozygous for mutation of the RELN gene. The primary phenotype associated with loss of reelin function is a failure of neuronal positioning throughout the developing central nervous system (CNS).
The Disabled-1 (Dab1) gene encodes a key regulator of Reelin signaling. Reelin is a large glycoprotein secreted by neurons of the developing brain, particularly Cajal-Retzius cells. DAB1 functions downstream of Reln in a signaling pathway that controls cell positioning in the developing brain and during adult neurogenesis.
The examples include: Double knockout of VLDLR and ApoER2 receptors; [5] Double knockout of Src and Fyn kinases. [6] Cre-loxP recombination mice model that lacks Crk and CrkL in most neurons. [7] Was used to show that Crk/CrkL lie downstream of DAB1] in the reelin signaling pathway. Scrambler mouse; Brain slices of wildtype and reeler mice
The product of the reeler gene in mouse is reelin, a large extracellular protein secreted by pioneer neurons that coordinates cell positioning during neurodevelopment. [1] F-spondin and mindin are a family of matrix-attached adhesion molecules that share structural similarities and overlapping domains of expression. Both F-spondin and mindin ...
DAB1 is a regulator protein downstream of the reelin receptors. This protein is located inside cells residing in the ventricular zone, displaying highest concentrations in migrating pyramidal cells. When either reelin or DAB1 are inactivated in mice, the resulting phenotypes are the same. In this case, the neurons are unable to migrate properly ...
Through interactions with one of its ligands, reelin, ApoER2 plays an important role in embryonic neuronal migration and postnatal long-term potentiation. Another LDL family receptor, VLDLR, also interacts with reelin, and together these two receptors influence brain development and function. Decreased expression of ApoER2 is associated with ...
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The Dirac comb of period 2 π, although not strictly a function, is a limiting form of many directional distributions. It is essentially a wrapped Dirac delta function. It represents a discrete probability distribution concentrated at 2 π n — a degenerate distribution — but the notation treats it as if it were a continuous distribution.