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  2. Blood sugar regulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_sugar_regulation

    The flat line is the optimal blood sugar level (i.e. the homeostatic set point). Blood sugar levels are balanced by the tug-of-war between 2 functionally opposite hormones, glucagon and insulin. Blood sugar levels are regulated by negative feedback in order to keep the body in balance.

  3. Insulin signal transduction pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_signal...

    Once insulin is synthesized, the beta cells are ready to release it in two different phases. As for the first phase, insulin release is triggered rapidly when the blood glucose level is increased. The second phase is a slow release of newly formed vesicles that are triggered regardless of the blood sugar level.

  4. Insulin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin

    Decreased or absent insulin activity results in diabetes, a condition of high blood sugar level (hyperglycaemia). There are two types of the disease. There are two types of the disease. In type 1 diabetes , the beta cells are destroyed by an autoimmune reaction so that insulin can no longer be synthesized or be secreted into the blood. [ 12 ]

  5. Wikipedia : Osmosis/Diabetes

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Osmosis/Diabetes

    Too much glucagon can tip the delicate hormonal balance of glucagon and insulin in favor of elevating blood sugars and can lead to a cascade of events we just described—increased glucose in the blood, loss of glucose in the urine, loss of water, dehydration, and in parallel a need for alternate energy, generation of ketone bodies, and ...

  6. Biomarkers of diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomarkers_of_diabetes

    Gestational diabetes is a condition in which a woman without diabetes develops high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. [ 4 ] Type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes are associated with changes in levels of metabolic markers, these markers could serve as potential prognostic or therapeutic targets for patients with prediabetes or Type 2 ...

  7. Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperinsulinemic_hypoglycemia

    Most hypoglycemia due to excessive insulin occurs in people who take insulin for type 1 diabetes. Management of this hypoglycemia is sugar or starch by mouth (or in severe cases, an injection of glucagon or intravenous dextrose). When the glucose has been restored, recovery is usually complete.

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