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Merv (Turkmen: Merw, Мерв, مرو; Persian: مرو, romanized: Marv), also known as the Merve Oasis [citation needed], [a] was a major Iranian city in Central Asia, on the historical Silk Road, near today's Mary, Turkmenistan. [2] Human settlements on the site of Merv existed from the 3rd millennium BC until the 18th century AD.
State Historical and Cultural Park “Ancient Merv” Mary Region: 1999 886; ii, iii (cultural) Merv is the oldest and best-preserved of the oasis-cities along the Silk Route in Central Asia. The remains in this vast oasis span 4,000 years of human history. A number of monuments are still visible, particularly from the last two millennia.
Mary (Turkmen pronunciation:; Cyrillic: Мары, 1992–1993: Marx), formerly named Merv, [1] Meru and Alexandria Margiana, is a city on an oasis in the Karakum Desert in Turkmenistan, located on the Murgab River. It is the capital city of Mary Region. In 2010, Mary had a population of 126,000, [2] up from 92,000 in the 1989 census. [3]
The Great Kyz Kala is a large fortress in the ancient city of Merv, now in Turkmenistan. [1] The fortress belongs to the köshk or kushk type: an earthen building built on a raised platform, with exterior wall formed of large vertical engaged columns (a series of octagonal half-columns) having the aspect of large corrugations.
Merv is one of the oldest oasis-cities in Central Asia, [19] and was once among the biggest cities in the world. [20] It was also one of the great cities of the Islamic world and an important stop on the Silk Road. Annexed by the Russian Empire in 1881, Turkmenistan figured prominently in the anti-Bolshevik movement in Central Asia.
After being sacked by the Oghuz, Merv declined and in 1221, the Mongols attacked it and burned down the mausoleum. [3] It would later be restored by Soviet, Turkmen, and Turkish architects during the 20th and 21st centuries. The tomb is part of The State Historical and Cultural Park "Ancient Merv", a UNESCO World Heritage Site. [4]
During their dominion Merv, like Samarkand and Bokhara, was one of the great schools of learning, and the celebrated historian Yaqut studied in its libraries. Merv produced a number of scholars in various branches of knowledge, such as Islamic law, Hadith, history, literature, and the like. Several scholars have the name: Marwazi ...
Margiana (Greek: Μαργιανή Margianḗ, Old Persian: Marguš, [1] Middle Persian: Marv [2]) is a historical region centred on the oasis of Merv and was a minor satrapy within the Achaemenid satrapy of Bactria, and a province within its successors, the Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian empires.