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Its original name is not known. The site and capital was called Mapungubwe following archaeological naming conventions, [b] and extended to the kingdom. [9] Mapungubwe means "a place of (many) jackals". In various Bantu languages, "-pungubwe" refers to jackals. Jackal is "phunguwe" in Venda, while in Northern Sotho it is "phukubje". [10]
The Mapungubwe National Park was declared in 1998. [2] The Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape was declared as a National Heritage Site in 2001 and it was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 2003. [3] The Museum and Interpretive Centre houses artefacts from Mapungubwe. In 2009, the building won the World Architecture Festival's World Building of ...
The golden rhinoceros of Mapungubwe is a medieval artifact, made from wood which is covered in thin sheets of gold, from the ancient Kingdom of Mapungubwe, which is located in modern-day South Africa. It was found on a royal grave on Mapungubwe Hill in 1932 [1] [2] [3] by archaeologists from the University of Pretoria. The artifact is described ...
The Mapungubwe people, a Bantu-speaking group of migrants from present-day South Africa, inhabited the Great Zimbabwe site from about AD 1000 - 1550, intermarrying with san bushmen people the native shona talk of this as the story of the tavara being the bantu and shava being the bushmen . From about 1100, the fortress took shape, reaching its ...
It flourished from the 11th to 13th centuries, being a predecessor to the Kingdom of Mapungubwe. The ruins have survived because much of the complex was built in stone. The site contains a large mound, some 180 metres in diameter, and covers an area of about 5 hectares. It is surrounded on three sides by sandstone cliffs (Wood 2005:86).
Mapungubwe: An Archaeo-geological Interpretation of an Iron Age Community. Pretoria: Transvaal Museum, 1983. To me, the existance of these publications refutes the claim that Mapungubwe (or Mapungubwe's location) was kept secret. Indeed I recall attending talks on Mapungubwe and the civilisations/cultures responsible for its creation in the 1980s.
The end of Mapungubwe occurred at the same time as the rise of an even greater trading and architectural civilization – that of Great Zimbabwe – which flourished for more than one hundred years. The centre of power then shifted to the south at a site known as Khami near present-day Bulawayo.
The people of Mapungubwe mined and smelted copper, iron and gold, spun cotton, made glass and ceramics, grew millet and sorghum, and tended cattle, goats and sheep. [8] The people of Mapungubwe had a sophisticated knowledge of the stars, and astronomy played a major role not only in their tradition and culture, but also in their day-to-day lives.