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Parafovea or the parafoveal belt is a region in the retina that circumscribes the fovea and is part of the macula lutea. [1] It is circumscribed by the perifovea . Photograph of the retina of the human eye, with overlay diagrams showing the positions and sizes of the macula, fovea, and optic disc
The parafovea has an outer diameter of 2.5 mm representing 8° of the visual field. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] The macula , the next larger region of the retina, is defined as having at least two layers of ganglia (bundles of nerves and neurons) and is sometimes taken as defining the boundaries of central vs. peripheral vision [ 13 ] [ 14 ] [ 15 ] (but this ...
The macula (/ˈmakjʊlə/) [1] or macula lutea is an oval-shaped pigmented area in the center of the retina of the human eye and in other animals. The macula in humans has a diameter of around 5.5 mm (0.22 in) and is subdivided into the umbo, foveola, foveal avascular zone, fovea, parafovea, and perifovea areas.
The fovea centralis is a small, central pit composed of closely packed cones in the eye.It is located in the center of the macula lutea of the retina. [1] [2]The fovea is responsible for sharp central vision (also called foveal vision), which is necessary in humans for activities for which visual detail is of primary importance, such as reading and driving.
Spectral sensitivity is the relative efficiency of detection, of light or other signal, as a function of the frequency or wavelength of the signal. In visual neuroscience , spectral sensitivity is used to describe the different characteristics of the photopigments in the rod cells and cone cells in the retina of the eye .
Microperimetry, sometimes called fundus-controlled perimetry, [1] is a type of visual field test [2] which uses one of several technologies to create a "retinal sensitivity map" of the quantity of light perceived in specific parts of the retina [3] in people who have lost the ability to fixate on an object or light source.
Perifovea is a region in the retina that circumscribes the parafovea and fovea and is a part of the macula lutea. [1] The perifovea is a belt that covers a 10° radius around the fovea and is 1.5 mm wide. [2] [3] The perifovea ends when the Henle's fiber layer disappears and the ganglion cells are one-layered. [4]
The Stiles–Crawford Effect is quantified as a function of distance (d) away from the center of the pupil using the following equation: () =,where η is the relative luminance efficiency, and d is defined as positive on the temporal side of the pupil and negative on the nasal side of the pupil.