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An old Puolimatka's brick factory in Kissanmaa, Tampere, Finland, in the 1960s. Most brickworks have some or all of the following: A kiln, for firing, or 'burning' the bricks. Drying yard or shed, for drying bricks before firing. A building or buildings for manufacturing the bricks. A quarry for clay. A pugmill or clay preparation plant (see ...
The Mesopotamians introduced clay sewer pipes around 4000 BC, with the earliest examples found in the Temple of Bel at Nippur and at Eshnunna, [15] utilised to remove wastewater from sites, and capture rainwater, in wells. The city of Uruk also demonstrates the first examples of brick constructed latrines, from 3200 BC.
The process of a timber structure being repeated in stone is called petrification [23] or petrified carpentry. Fired clay was mainly restricted to roofing tiles and associated decorations, but these were quite elaborate. The roof tiles allow a low roof pitch characteristic of ancient Greek architecture. Fired bricks began to be employed with ...
The Hoffmann kiln is a series of batch process kilns. Hoffmann kilns are the most common kiln used in production of bricks and some other ceramic products. Patented by German Friedrich Hoffmann for brickmaking in 1858, it was later used for lime -burning, and was known as the Hoffmann continuous kiln .
The clay bricks are trapezoidal in shape, with one end smaller than the other. The bricks are arranged in circles pointing inward. The smaller ends form the inside walls. [3] In the settlement of Lothal a brick-lined building on an elevated mound included a well lined with baked bricks, a bathing facility and a drain. [5]
Dutch brick (Dutch: IJsselsteen) is a small type of red brick made in the Netherlands, or similar brick, and an architectural style of building with brick developed by the Dutch. The brick, made from clay dug from river banks or dredged from river beds of the river IJssel [ 1 ] and fired over a long period of time, was known for its durability ...
Historically, the topsoil was typically removed and the clay beneath was stripped and mixed with chalk and ash to make bricks. In pre-19th-century England, [i]n most areas the brickfield owner hired a brickmaster at a price per thousand bricks to superintend the site and take full responsibility for the output of the operations.
The compressive strength of bricks produced in the United States ranges from about 7 to 103 MPa (1,000 to 15,000 lbf/in 2), varying according to the use to which the brick are to be put. In England clay bricks can have strengths of up to 100 MPa, although a common house brick is likely to show a range of 20–40 MPa.