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Diplopia. Diplopia. Other names. Double vision. One way a person might experience double vision. Specialty. Neurology, ophthalmology. Diplopia is the simultaneous perception of two images of a single object that may be displaced horizontally or vertically in relation to each other. [ 1] Also called double vision, it is a loss of visual focus ...
Neurology. A demyelinating disease refers to any disease affecting the nervous system where the myelin sheath surrounding neurons is damaged. [ 1] This damage disrupts the transmission of signals through the affected nerves, resulting in a decrease in their conduction ability. Consequently, this reduction in conduction can lead to deficiencies ...
Ocular myasthenia. Ocular myasthenia gravis (MG) is a disease of the neuromuscular junction resulting in hallmark variability in muscle weakness and fatigability. MG is an autoimmune disease where anomalous antibodies are produced against the naturally occurring acetylcholine receptors in voluntary muscles. MG may be limited to the muscles of ...
Optic neuritis describes any condition that causes inflammation of the optic nerve; it may be associated with demyelinating diseases, or infectious or inflammatory processes. [ 1] It is also known as optic papillitis (when the head of the optic nerve is involved), neuroretinitis (when there is a combined involvement of the optic disc and ...
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy ( LHON) is a mitochondrially inherited (transmitted from mother to offspring) degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons that leads to an acute or subacute loss of central vision; it predominantly affects young adult males. LHON is transmitted only through the mother, as it is primarily due ...
Multiple sclerosis can cause a variety of symptoms: changes in sensation ( hypoesthesia ), muscle weakness, abnormal muscle spasms, or difficulty moving; difficulties with coordination and balance; problems in speech ( dysarthria) or swallowing ( dysphagia ), visual problems ( nystagmus, optic neuritis, phosphenes or diplopia ), fatigue and ...
Optic neuropathy is damage to the optic nerve from any cause. The optic nerve is a bundle of millions of fibers in the retina that sends visual signals to the brain. Damage and death of these nerve cells, or neurons, leads to characteristic features of optic neuropathy. The main symptom is loss of vision, with colors appearing subtly washed out ...
Specialty. Ophthalmology, optometry, neuro-ophthalmology, neurology, neurosurgery. Papilledema or papilloedema is optic disc swelling that is caused by increased intracranial pressure due to any cause. [ 1] The swelling is usually bilateral and can occur over a period of hours to weeks. [ 2] Unilateral presentation is extremely rare.