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Scottish English ( Scottish Gaelic: Beurla Albannach) is the set of varieties of the English language spoken in Scotland. The transregional, standardised variety is called Scottish Standard English or Standard Scottish English ( SSE ). [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] Scottish Standard English may be defined as "the characteristic speech of the professional ...
Northumbrian Old English by the beginning of the 9th century in the northern portion of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria, now modern southeastern Scotland. Early Scots by the beginning of the 15th century. Present-day extent of Modern Scots. The history of the Scots language refers to how Anglic varieties spoken in parts of Scotland ...
Scots is recognised as an indigenous language of Scotland by the Scottish government, [ 8] a regional or minority language of Europe, [ 9] and a vulnerable language by UNESCO. [ 10][ 11] In a Scottish census from 2022, over 1.5 million people in Scotland reported being able to speak Scots.
Accents and dialects vary widely across Great Britain, Ireland and nearby smaller islands. The UK has the most local accents of any English speaking country [citation needed]. As such, a single "British accent" does not exist. Someone could be said to have an English, Scottish, Welsh or Irish accent, although these all have many different sub ...
The Scottish Vowel Length Rule affects all vowels except the always-short vowels 15 and 19 ( /ɪ/ and /ʌ/) and, in many Modern Scots varieties, the always-long Scots-only vowels 8, 11, and 12 (here transcribed as /eː/, /iː/ and /ɔː/) that do not occur as phonemes separate from /e, i, ɔ/ in Scottish Standard English. [ 17]
The spoken dialects of Irish and Scottish Gaelic are most similar to one another in Ulster and southwestern Scotland, regions of close geographical proximity to one another. It is thought that the extinct dialect of Galwegian Gaelic, spoken in Galloway in the far south of Scotland, was very similar to Ulster Irish and Manx .
Gaelic phonology is characterised by: a phoneme inventory particularly rich in sonorant coronal phonemes (commonly nine in total) a contrasting set of palatalised and non-palatalised consonants. strong initial word-stress and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables. The presence of preaspiration of stops in certain contexts.
The International Phonetic Alphabet chart for English dialects complies all the most common applications of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) to represent pronunciations of the English language . These charts give a diaphoneme for each sound, followed by its realization in different dialects. The symbols for the diaphonemes are given in ...