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Genetic studies of the Maya people are reported to show higher levels of variation when compared to other groups. [ 1] Maya intra-population variation has been examined by means of the following tests: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms, polymorphic Alu insertions, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and Y chromosome data.
Human genetic variation is the genetic differences in and among populations. There may be multiple variants of any given gene in the human population ( alleles ), a situation called polymorphism . No two humans are genetically identical. Even monozygotic twins (who develop from one zygote) have infrequent genetic differences due to mutations ...
Sticky and blunt ends. DNA ends refer to the properties of the ends of linear DNA molecules, which in molecular biology are described as "sticky" or "blunt" based on the shape of the complementary strands at the terminus. In sticky ends, one strand is longer than the other (typically by at least a few nucleotides), such that the longer strand ...
Albinism is a congenital condition characterized in humans by the partial or complete absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes. Albinism is associated with a number of vision defects, such as photophobia, nystagmus, and amblyopia. Lack of skin pigmentation makes for more susceptibility to sunburn and skin cancers.
Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups in Morocco and the world. [1] Moroccan genetics encompasses the genetic history of the people of Morocco, and the genetic influence of this ancestry on world populations. It has been heavily influenced by geography. In prehistoric times, the Sahara desert to the south and the Mediterranean Sea to the north ...
Telomere. A telomere ( / ˈtɛləmɪər, ˈtiːlə -/; from Ancient Greek τέλος (télos) 'end' and μέρος (méros) 'part') is a region of repetitive nucleotide sequences associated with specialized proteins at the ends of linear chromosomes (see Sequences ). Telomeres are a widespread genetic feature most commonly found in eukaryotes.
The asymmetric ends of DNA strands are said to have a directionality of five prime end (5′ ), and three prime end (3′), with the 5′ end having a terminal phosphate group and the 3′ end a terminal hydroxyl group. One major difference between DNA and RNA is the sugar, with the 2-deoxyribose in DNA being replaced by the related pentose ...
The genotype of an organism is its complete set of genetic material. [1] Genotype can also be used to refer to the alleles or variants an individual carries in a particular gene or genetic location. [2] The number of alleles an individual can have in a specific gene depends on the number of copies of each chromosome found in that species, also ...