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The Thirtieth of September Movement (Indonesian: Gerakan 30 September, also known as G30S, and by the syllabic abbreviation Gestapu for Gerakan September Tiga Puluh, Thirtieth of September Movement, also unofficially called Gestok, for Gerakan Satu Oktober, or First of October Movement) was a self-proclaimed organization of Indonesian National ...
S. Parman on a 1966 stamp. Lieutenant General Siswondo Parman [1] (4 August 1918 – 1 October 1965) or more popularly known such as in streets name as S. Parman, was a soldier in the Indonesian Army, and was kidnapped from his home in Jakarta by members of the 30 September Movement in the early hours of October 1.
[citation needed] The 1984 film Pengkhianatan G30S/PKI further strengthens this stigma. In 2024, Alvino Kusumabrata considered two of his books Lahirnja PKI dan Perkembangannja (1955) and Masjarakat Indonesia dan Revolusi Indonesia (1957) as the best book about views of communism that are not contaminated by the narrative of the New Order. [29]
Suharto, along with the surviving General Nasution, made the counter-allegation that the G30S was a rebellious movement that sought to replace President Sukarno's government with a Communist government under the PKI, whose leaders were cabinet ministers without portfolio.
Soeprapto on a 1966 Indonesian stamp. Lieutenant General R. Soeprapto (20 June 1920 – 1 October 1965) was the Second Deputy Commander of the Indonesian Army, and was kidnapped from his home in Jakarta by members of the 30 September Movement in the early hours of 1 October.
Pierre Tendean on a 1966 Indonesia stamp. In the early morning hours of October 1, 1965, troops loyal to the 30 September Movement (G30S) came to Nasution's house with the intention of kidnapping him.
Although the PKI supported Sukarno, it retained its political autonomy; in March 1960, the party denounced the president's undemocratic handling of the budget. On 8 July of that year, Harian Rakyat carried an article critical of the government. The PKI leadership was arrested by the army, but was later released in accordance with Sukarno's orders.
Ahmad Yani was born in Jenar, Purworejo, Dutch East Indies on 19 June 1922 to the Wongsoredjo family that worked at a sugar factoru run by a Dutch owner. [1] In 1927, Yani moved with his family to Batavia, where his father worked for a Dutch general.