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A battery charger, recharger, or simply charger, [1] [2] is a device that stores energy in an electric battery by running current through it. The charging protocol—how much voltage and current, for how long and what to do when charging is complete—depends on the size and type of the battery being charged.
On the right: example values for a 40 Ah, 6-cell (12 V) battery. Note: schematic illustration; not based on actual measurements. IUoU is a DIN -designation [ 1 ] (DIN 41773) for a lead-acid battery charging procedure that is also known as 3-stage charging , 3-phase charging , or 3-step charging .
The energy used to charge rechargeable batteries usually comes from a battery charger using AC mains electricity, although some are equipped to use a vehicle's 12-volt DC power outlet. The voltage of the source must be higher than that of the battery to force current to flow into it, but not too much higher or the battery may be damaged.
3LR12 (4.5-volt), D, C, AA, AAA, AAAA (1.5-volt), A23 (12-volt), PP3 (9-volt), CR2032 (3-volt), and LR44 (1.5-volt) batteries (Matchstick for reference). This is a list of the sizes, shapes, and general characteristics of some common primary and secondary battery types in household, automotive and light industrial use.
A typical 12 V, 40 Ah lead-acid car battery. An automotive battery, or car battery, is a rechargeable battery that is used to start a motor vehicle. Its main purpose is to provide an electric current to the electric-powered starting motor, which in turn starts the chemically-powered internal combustion engine that actually propels the vehicle.
6.02 (1,673) [5] 100 [5] 2.18 (460) [5] 60–70 [5] 0.17 [5] 3 [5] Mercury oxide–zinc: Mercuric oxide Mercury cell NaOH/ KOH Mercuric oxide: No 1942– [6] 1996 [7] 0.9 [8] 1.35 [8] 0.36–0.44 (99–123) [8] 1.1–1.8 (300–500) [8] 2 [6] Alkaline: Zn/ MnO 2 LR KOH Manganese (IV) oxide: No 1949 [9] 0.9 [10] 1.5 [11] 1.6 [10] 0.31–0.68 (85 ...
An electric battery is a source of electric power consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections [1] for powering electrical devices. When a battery is supplying power, its positive terminal is the cathode and its negative terminal is the anode. [2] The terminal marked negative is the source of electrons.
An AA-sized alkaline battery might have an effective capacity of 3000 mAh at low drain, but at a load of 1 ampere, which is common for digital cameras, the capacity could be as little as 700 mAh. [12] The voltage of the battery declines steadily during use, so the total usable capacity depends on the cutoff voltage of the application.