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The beaked hazelnut is named for its fruit, which is a nut enclosed in a husk with a tubular extension 2–4 cm (3 ⁄ 4 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) long that resembles a beak. Tiny filaments protrude from the husk and may stick into, and irritate, skin that contacts them.
The fruits are nuts 1–2.5 cm (1 ⁄ 2 –1 in) long and 1–2 cm diameter, surrounded by an involucre (husk) which partly to fully encloses the nut. [4] The shape and structure of the involucre, and also the growth habit (whether a tree or a suckering shrub), are important in the identification of the different species of hazel. [4]
The hazelnut is the fruit of the hazel tree and therefore includes any of the nuts deriving from species of the genus Corylus, especially the nuts of the species Corylus avellana. [1] They are also known as cobnuts or filberts according to species.
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The American hazelnut grows to a height of roughly 2.5 to 5 m (8 to 16 ft), [6] with a crown spread of 3 to 4.5 m (10 to 15 ft). It is a medium to large shrub, which under some conditions can take the like of a small tree. It is often multi-stemmed with long outward growing branches that form a dense spreading or spherical shape.
The fruit is a nut produced in clusters of 2–6 together; each nut is 0.7–1.5 cm (1 ⁄ 4 – 1 ⁄ 2 in) diameter, partly enclosed in a 1.5–2.5 cm (1 ⁄ 2 –1 in) long, bract-like involucre . [1] [2] It is very similar to the closely related common hazel (C. avellana) of Europe and western Asia, differing in the leaves being somewhat ...
The species is mainly cultivated for its nuts. The name 'hazelnut' applies to the nuts of any species in the genus Corylus, but in commercial contexts usually describes C. avellana. This hazelnut or cob nut, the kernel of the seed, is edible and used raw, roasted, or ground into a
The fruit is a hard, woody, globose follicle with a pointed apex containing one or two seeds. The nutshell ("coat") is particularly tough and requires around 2000 N to crack. The shell material is five times harder than hazelnut shells and has mechanical properties similar to aluminum. It has a Vickers hardness of 35. [8] [9]