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200.8 kJ/mol [1] Std entropy change of fusion, Δ fus S o? J/(mol·K) Std enthalpy change of vaporization, Δ vap H o? kJ/mol Std entropy change of vaporization, Δ vap S o? J/(mol·K) Solid properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o solid-1387.1 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o solid: 149.6 J/(mol K) Heat capacity, c p: 128.2 J ...
Alkyl sulfates if ingested are well-absorbed and are metabolized into a C 3, C 4 or C 5 sulfate and an additional metabolite. The highest irritant of the alkyl sulfates is sodium laurylsulfate, with the threshold before irritation at a concentration of 20%. Surfactants in consumer products are typically mixed, reducing likelihood of irritation.
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
Substance Formula 0 °C 10 °C 20 °C 30 °C 40 °C 50 °C 60 °C 70 °C 80 °C 90 °C 100 °C Barium acetate: Ba(C 2 H 3 O 2) 2: 58.8: 62: 72: 75: 78.5: 77: 75
Popular surfactants in the biochemistry laboratory are sodium lauryl sulfate (SDS) and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Detergents are key reagents to extract protein by lysis of the cells and tissues: they disorganize the membrane's lipid bilayer (SDS, Triton X-100 , X-114 , CHAPS , DOC , and NP-40 ), and solubilize proteins.
Sodium laureth sulfate (SLES), an accepted contraction of sodium lauryl ether sulfate, also called sodium alkylethersulfate, is an anionic detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste, etc.) and for industrial uses. SLES is an inexpensive and very effective foaming agent. [1]
Sodium alketh sulfate, known prior to being renamed in 2021 as sodium pareth sulfate, [1] and also as sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, is a surfactant found in some detergent products such as hand or body washes, but not as commonly as other chemicals such as sodium laureth sulfate (SLES). It is the sodium salt of a sulfated ...
Hydroxysultaine is prepared industrially by the reaction of sodium bisulfite with epichlorohydrin to give the sodium salt (sodium 1-chloro-2-hydroxypropane sulfonate). [1] This is similar to the synthesis of isethionate , which is also used as a 'head-group' in surfactants.