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Yathrib renamed "Medina." [5] Baqi Cemetery established. 623 CE - Masjid al-Qiblatayn (Mosque of the two Qiblas) built. 624 CE - Prophet's House built. [1] 627 March–April: Battle of the Trench. [6] Constitution of Medina created (approximate date). [7] 630 - Medina and Mecca "established as the holy cities of Islam." [3] 632 CE / 11 H. 8 ...
The date Muhammad entered Mecca is variously given as 10, 17/18, 19 or 20 Ramadan 8 AH. [4] The conversion of these dates to the Julian calendar depends on what assumptions are made about the calendar in use in Mecca at the time. For example, 18 Ramadan 8 AH may be converted to 11 December 629 AD, 10 or 11 January 630, or 6 June 630 AD. [4]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 14 January 2025. Expansion of the Islamic state (622–750) For later military territorial expansion of Islamic states, see Spread of Islam. Early Muslim conquests Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632 Expansion under the Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661 Expansion under the Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750 Date ...
930 - City sacked by Qarmatians; Black Stone taken out of Mecca. [5] [7] 951 - Black Stone returned to Mecca "for a great ransom". [5] [7] 1184 - Traveller Ibn Jubayr visits city. [8] 1265 - Egyptian Mamluks in power. [5] 1326 - Traveller Ibn Battuta visits Mecca. [8] 1517 - Ottomans in power; [9] Selim I becomes Custodian of the Two Holy ...
The Masjid al-Haram (the Grand Mosque) in Mecca is the location of the Kaaba, Islam's holiest site, and the Masjid al-Nabawi (the Prophet's Mosque) in Medina is the location of Muhammad's tomb; as a result, from the 7th century, Mecca and Medina became pilgrimage destinations for large numbers of Muslims from across the Muslim world. [30]
The first Islamic State, also known as State of Medina, [4] was the first Islamic state established by Islamic prophet Muhammad in Medina in 622 under the Constitution of Medina. It represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah (nation).
House of Muhammed in Medina, where he lived after the migration from Mecca. [21] Dar Al-Arqam, the first Islamic school where Muhammad taught. [22] It now lies under the extension of the Masjid Al-Haram of Mecca. [citation needed] Qubbat al-Thanaya, the burial site of Muhammed's incisor that was broken in the Battle of Uhud. [8]
The history of Islam is believed by most historians [1] to have originated with Muhammad's mission in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, [2] [3] although Muslims regard this time as a return to the original faith passed down by the Abrahamic prophets, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, and Jesus, with the submission (Islām) to the will of God.