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The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined health as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." [1] Identified by the 2012 World Development Report as one of two key human capital endowments, health can influence an individual's ability to reach his or her full potential in society. [2]
[23] [8] In the European Union, it is indicated for the treatment of insomnia in children and adolescents. [18] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) treats melatonin as a dietary supplement and, as such, has not approved it for any medical uses. [17] It was approved for medical use in the European Union in 2007. [8]
Despite these challenges, children with SHCN fare better than non-affected children in preventative health care and preventative dental care. [3] They have a higher rate of having health insurance than normal children. [2] They more frequently complete the recommended annual primary care visit, and bi-annual dentist visit. [2]
Pro-Publica and NPR published a story about racial disparities in maternal mortality and the birth experience of Dr. Shalon Irving, a CDC epidemiologist studying how structural inequality influences health. Although many women still face gender bias in their experiences with the healthcare system, progress has been made towards a fairer system.
Health disparities are also due in part to cultural factors that involve practices based not only on sex, but also gender status. For example, in China, health disparities have distinguished medical treatment for men and women due to the cultural phenomenon of preference for male children. [91]
The World Health Organization notes gender differentials in both the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness. [61] Gender bias observed in diagnostic and healthcare systems (including as related to under-diagnosis, over-diagnosis, and misdiagnosis) is detrimental to the treatment and health of people of all genders.
Teachers in schools in the camps exploited children in exchange for passing grades. Medical care and medicines were given in return for sex. Some forty-two agencies and sixty-seven individuals were implicated in this behavior. Parents pressured their children to enter sexually exploitative relationships in order to secure relief items for the ...
[1] [2] It has been found that multiparas sleep remained relatively stable while first time mothers experienced a decline in sleep efficiency. [3] Furthermore, mothers of bottle-fed babies experienced less night-time awakening than breast feeding mothers. [1] [2] The general physical and psychological health of parents should be considered as ...