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Map of governorates of the Russian Republic (Western part), 1917.. This is a list of governorates of the Russian Empire (Russian: губерния, pre-1918: губернія, romanized: guberniya) established between the administrative reform of 1708 and the establishment of the Kholm Governorate in 1912 (inclusive).
European Russia [a] is the western and most populated part of the Russian Federation. It is geographically situated in Europe , as opposed to the country's sparsely populated and vastly larger eastern part, Siberia , which is situated in Asia , encompassing the entire northern region of the continent.
Russia's mountain ranges are located principally along its continental dip (the Ural Mountains), along the southwestern border (the Caucasus), along the border with Mongolia (the eastern and western Sayan Mountains and the western extremity of the Altay Mountains), and in eastern Siberia (a complex system of ranges in the northeastern corner of ...
name = Western part of Russia Name used in the default map caption; image = WesternRussia.svg The default map image, without "Image:" or "File:" top = 62.33 Latitude at top edge of map, in decimal degrees; bottom = 54.27 Latitude at bottom edge of map, in decimal degrees; left = 27.26 Longitude at left edge of map, in decimal degrees; right = 47.85
Russia is second only to Brazil by total renewable water resources. [244] The Volga in western Russia, widely regarded as Russia's national river, is the longest river in Europe; and forms the Volga Delta, the largest river delta in the continent. [245] The Siberian rivers of Ob, Yenisey, Lena, and Amur are among the world's longest rivers. [246]
Northwest Russia, or the Russian North is the northern part of western Russia. It is bounded by Norway, Finland, the Arctic Ocean, the Ural Mountains and the east-flowing part of the Volga . The area is roughly coterminous with the Northwestern Federal District , which it is administered as part of.
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The formal end to Tatar rule over Russia was the defeat of the Tatars at the Great Stand on the Ugra River in 1480. Ivan III (r. 1462–1505) and Vasili III (r. 1505–1533) had consolidated the centralized Russian state following the annexations of the Novgorod Republic in 1478, Tver in 1485, the Pskov Republic in 1510, Volokolamsk in 1513, Ryazan in 1521, and Novgorod-Seversk in 1522.