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A tongji or jitong is a person believed to have been chosen by a particular shen (chinese deity) or spirit as the earthly vehicle for divine expression. The Chinese differentiate a wu 巫 "shaman; healer; spirit medium" who gains control of forces in the spirit world versus a tongji who appears to be entirely under the control of forces in the ...
The word tongji 童乩 (lit. "youth diviner") "shaman; spirit-medium" is a near-synonym of wu. Modern Chinese distinguishes native wu from "Siberian shaman": saman 薩滿 or saman 薩蠻; and from Indian Shramana "wandering monk; ascetic": shamen 沙門, sangmen 桑門, or sangmen 喪門.
Wu, concludes von Falkenhausen, "may be rendered as "shaman" or, perhaps, less controversially as "spirit medium"." [ 8 ] Paper criticizes "the majority of scholars" who use one word shaman to translate many Chinese terms ( wu 巫 , xi 覡 , yi 毉 , xian 仙 , and zhu 祝 ), and writes, "The general tendency to refer to all ecstatic religious ...
The medium mentally "hears" (clairaudience), "sees" (clairvoyance), and/or feels (clairsentience) messages from spirits. Directly or with the help of a spirit guide, the medium passes the information on to the message's recipient(s). When a medium is doing a "reading" for a particular person, that person is known as the "sitter".
Chinese ritual mastery traditions, also referred to as ritual teachings (Chinese: 法教; pinyin: fǎjiào, sometimes rendered as "Faism"), [1] [2] Folk Taoism (民間道教; Mínjiàn Dàojiào), or Red Taoism (mostly in east China and Taiwan), constitute a large group of Chinese orders of ritual officers who operate within the Chinese folk religion but outside the institutions of official ...
Whether you believe in the supernatural or not, psychic experiences are surprisingly common, claims Scott Allan, a sought-after medium and podcaster who travels the world to help audiences connect ...
It is the state or power of gods and divine beings that is multiplied by their appearance in vision during trance or by location through a ritual of inspiration into the objects that represent them.
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