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The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
Lead perchlorate trihydrate is produced by the reaction of lead(II) oxide, lead carbonate, or lead nitrate by perchloric acid: . Pb(NO 3) 2 + HClO 4 → Pb(ClO 4) 2 + HNO 3. The excess perchloric acid was removed by first heating the solution to 125 °C, then heating it under moist air at 160 °C to remove the perchloric acid by converting the acid to the dihydrate.
Substance Formula 0 °C 10 °C 20 °C 30 °C 40 °C 50 °C 60 °C 70 °C 80 °C 90 °C 100 °C Barium acetate: Ba(C 2 H 3 O 2) 2: 58.8: 62: 72: 75: 78.5: 77: 75
Lead(II) sulfate is poorly soluble, as can be seen in the following diagram showing addition of SO 2− 4 to a solution containing 0.1 M of Pb 2+. The pH of the solution is 4.5, as above that, Pb 2+ concentration can never reach 0.1 M due to the formation of Pb(OH) 2. Observe that Pb 2+ solubility drops 10,000 fold as SO 2− 4 reaches 0.1 M.
Magnesium perchlorate is a powerful oxidizing agent, with the formula Mg(ClO 4) 2. The salt is also a superior drying agent for gas analysis. Magnesium perchlorate decomposes at 250 °C. [2] The heat of formation is -568.90 kJ/mol. [3] The enthalpy of solution is quite high, so reactions are done in large amounts of water to dilute it.
A perchlorate is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion, ClO − 4, the conjugate base of perchloric acid (ionic perchlorate).As counterions, there can be metal cations, quaternary ammonium cations or other ions, for example, nitronium cation (NO + 2).
The solubility of a specific solute in a specific solvent is generally expressed as the concentration of a saturated solution of the two. [1] Any of the several ways of expressing concentration of solutions can be used, such as the mass, volume, or amount in moles of the solute for a specific mass, volume, or mole amount of the solvent or of the solution.
Pb(NO 3) 2 + 2 HCl → PbCl 2 (s) + 2 HNO 3. It also forms by treatment of basic lead(II) compounds such as Lead(II) oxide and lead(II) carbonate. Lead dioxide is reduced by chloride as follows: PbO 2 + 4 HCl → PbCl 2 (s) + Cl 2 + 2 H 2 O. It also formed by the oxidation of lead metal by copper(II) chloride: Pb + CuCl 2 → PbCl 2 + Cu