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  2. X-ray diffraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_diffraction

    The resulting map of the directions of the X-rays far from the sample is called a diffraction pattern. It is different from X-ray crystallography which exploits X-ray diffraction to determine the arrangement of atoms in materials, and also has other components such as ways to map from experimental diffraction measurements to the positions of atoms.

  3. Dumas method of molecular weight determination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumas_method_of_molecular...

    Dumas used the method to determine the vapour densities of elements (mercury, phosphorus, sulfur) and inorganic compounds. [3] Today, modern methods such as mass spectrometry and elemental analysis are used to determine the molecular weight of a substance.

  4. X-ray spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_spectroscopy

    The cathode-ray tube or an x-ray tube [4] was the method used to pass electrons through a crystal of numerous elements. They also painstakingly produced numerous diamond-ruled glass diffraction gratings for their spectrometers. The law of diffraction of a crystal is called Bragg's law in their honor.

  5. X-ray crystallography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallography

    An X-ray diffraction pattern of a crystallized enzyme. The pattern of spots (reflections) and the relative strength of each spot (intensities) can be used to determine the structure of the enzyme. The relative intensities of the reflections provides information to determine the arrangement of molecules within the crystal in atomic detail.

  6. Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy-dispersive_X-ray...

    Energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) is an analytical technique for characterizing materials. It differs from conventional X-ray diffraction by using polychromatic photons as the source and is usually operated at a fixed angle. [1] With no need for a goniometer, EDXRD is able to collect full diffraction patterns very quickly.

  7. Study Finds Changes in Cholesterol May Indicate Higher ...

    www.aol.com/study-finds-changes-cholesterol-may...

    The first three cholesterol measurements taken in the study were used to determine how much each person’s lipid levels varied year to year. ... in total cholesterol were associated with a 60% ...

  8. 50 Best Voting Quotes for Election Day 2024 - AOL

    www.aol.com/50-best-voting-quotes-election...

    16. "The ignorance of one voter in a democracy impairs the security of all.” John F. Kennedy, Former U.S. President. 17. “Voting is not only our right—it is our power.”

  9. Scherrer equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scherrer_Equation

    The Scherrer equation, in X-ray diffraction and crystallography, is a formula that relates the size of sub-micrometre crystallites in a solid to the broadening of a peak in a diffraction pattern. It is often referred to, incorrectly, as a formula for particle size measurement or analysis.