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Inflammation plays a major role in arteriosclerosis and arterial stiffness. [2] Increased arterial stiffness is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction, hypertension, heart failure, and stroke. [3] [4] [5] The World Health Organization identified cardiovascular disease as the leading cause of ...
Symptoms associated with central nervous systems disorders are classified into positive and negative categories. Positive symptoms include those that increase muscle activity through hyper-excitability of the stretch reflex (i.e., rigidity and spasticity) where negative symptoms include those of insufficient muscle activity (i.e. weakness) and reduced motor function. [5]
A diagram explaining factors affecting arterial pressure. Pathophysiology is a study which explains the function of the body as it relates to diseases and conditions. The pathophysiology of hypertension is an area which attempts to explain mechanistically the causes of hypertension, which is a chronic disease characterized by elevation of blood pressure.
The high pulse pressure in elderly people with hypertension or isolated systolic hypertension is explained by increased arterial stiffness, which typically accompanies aging and may be exacerbated by high blood pressure. [81] Many mechanisms have been proposed to account for the rise in peripheral resistance in hypertension.
A wide range of symptoms can indicate if a person has polymyalgia rheumatica. The classic symptoms include: [2] [11] Pain and stiffness (moderate to severe) in the neck, shoulders, upper arms, thighs, and hips, which inhibits activity, especially in the morning, but which usually persists to some degree throughout the day.
Atherosclerosis [a] is a pattern of the disease arteriosclerosis, [8] characterized by development of abnormalities called lesions in walls of arteries.This is a chronic inflammatory disease involving many different cell types and is driven by elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood. [9]
Both high systolic pressure and high pulse pressure (the numerical difference between systolic and diastolic pressures) are risk factors. [49] Elevated pulse pressure has been found to be a stronger independent predictor of cardiovascular events, especially in older populations, than has systolic, diastolic, or mean arterial pressure.
Numbness and tingling in an arm or leg [1] [2] Paleness [1] [2] of the skin of the arm or leg; Muscle weakness of an arm or leg, [1] [2] possibly to the grade of paralysis [2] Later symptoms are closely related to infarction of the tissue supplied by the occluded artery: Blisters of the skin in the affected area [1] Shedding of skin ...