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Metrosideros polymorpha is the most common native tree in the Hawaiian Islands, tolerating a wide range of soil conditions, temperature, and rainfall. It grows from sea level right up to the tree line at elevations of 2,500 m (8,200 ft) and is commonly found in moist and dry forests , high shrublands , and is a colonizer of recent lava flows. [ 8 ]
Upper branches of a koa tree, showing the bark, sickle-shaped phyllodes, greenish rounded flower heads, and seedpods. Koa is a large tree, typically attaining a height of 15–25 m (49–82 ft) and a spread of 6–12 m (20–39 ft). [6]
Kokia kauaiensis, the Kauai treecotton [2] or Kauaʻi Kokiʻo, is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family, Malvaceae, that is endemic to Kauaʻi, Hawaii.. It inhabits coastal mesic and mixed mesic forests at elevations of 350–660 m (1,150–2,170 ft).
ʻŌhiʻa lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha) is the dominant canopy species in wet forests, but koa is also very common. Other trees include kāwaʻu (Ilex anomala), ʻalani (Melicope clusiifolia), ʻōhiʻa ha (Syzygium sandwicensis), kōlea lau nui (Myrsine lessertiana), ʻohe (Tetraplasandra spp.), and olomea (Perrottetia sandwicensis) as well ...
Trees can live for over 100 years, with 40-year-old trees achieving a trunk circumference of 2.7 m (9 ft) in cultivation. [12] The flowers serve as a rich source of nectar for other organisms, including fruit bats, a wide range of insect and bird species, [7] such as the scaly-breasted lorikeet (Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus). [16]
Acacia koaia is usually distinguished by growing as a short (rarely more than 5 m or 16 ft), broad, gnarled tree; having the seeds longitudinally arranged in the pod; shorter, straighter phyllodes; and much denser wood.
Like most sandalwoods, Santalum haleakalae is a hemiparasite, deriving some of its nutrition from the roots of surrounding plants, and Santalum haleakalae var. lanaiense is thought to use koa as a host (among other native trees). [4] Their flowers provide nectar for native Hawaiian honeycreepers like the Maui ʻamakihi. [7]
It is a small gray-barked tree, reaching on average a height of 6–10 metres (20–33 ft) [4] and an average trunk diameter of 0.3 m (0.98 ft). [5] Around 1/8 inches long, the fuzzy brown seeds of the hibiscus waimeae plant are enclosed in protective oblong pods.