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Pebbledash Pebbledashing Rock dash stucco. Roughcast or pebbledash is a coarse plaster surface used on outside walls that consists of lime and sometimes cement mixed with sand, small gravel and often pebbles or shells. [1] The materials are mixed into a slurry and are then thrown at the working surface with a trowel or scoop.
Stucco used as an exterior coating on a residential building. Rock dash stucco used as an exterior coating on a house on Canada's west coast. The chips of quartz, stone, and colored glass measure approx. 3–6 mm (1/8–1/4").
The mortar is a sacrificial element which should be weaker than the bricks so it will crack before the bricks. It is less expensive to replace cracked mortar than cracked bricks. Under cracking conditions, Portland cement breaks, whereas lime often produces numerous microcracks if the amount of movement is small.
If there are cracks or problems in the actual bricks or stone masonry there could be a larger problem that also needs to be addressed. If there is a larger issue, repointing may cause further damage. If a historic structure needs repointing, building owners usually hire an architectural historian or conservator to help pinpoint the issues. [ 2 ]
Straw is useful in binding the brick together and allowing the brick to dry evenly, thereby preventing cracking due to uneven shrinkage rates through the brick. [12] Dung offers the same advantage. The most desirable soil texture for producing the mud of adobe is 15% clay, 10–30% silt, and 55–75% fine sand. [ 13 ]
In the making of firebrick, fire clay is fired in the kiln until it is partly vitrified.For special purposes, the brick may also be glazed. There are two standard sizes of fire brick: 9 in × 4 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 3 in (229 mm × 114 mm × 76 mm) and 9 in × 4 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (229 mm × 114 mm × 64 mm). [2]
To combat this, builders began plastering their bale structures; if cement or lime stucco was unavailable, locally obtained "gumbo mud" was employed. [12] Between 1896 and 1945, an estimated 70 straw-bale buildings, including houses, farm buildings, churches, schools, offices, and grocery stores had been built in the Sandhills. [ 9 ]