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While these curtain wall systems are more energy-efficient than older, single-glazed versions, they are still significantly less efficient than opaque (solid) wall construction. [13] For example, nearly all curtain wall systems, thermally-broken or otherwise, have a U-value of 0.2 or higher, which is equivalent to an R-value of 5 or lower. [14]
A drawing the intended locations of plant items and service routes in such detail as to indicate the design intent. The main features of detailed design drawings should be as follows: Plan layouts to a scale of at least 1:100. Plant areas to a scale of at least 1:50 and accompanied by cross-sections.
Elevation view of the Panthéon, Paris principal façade Floor plans of the Putnam House. A house plan [1] is a set of construction or working drawings (sometimes called blueprints) that define all the construction specifications of a residential house such as the dimensions, materials, layouts, installation methods and techniques.
Unlike conventional curtain wall construction, the system employed unitized components that were glazed, sealed, and assembled in the factory, shipped to the site, then assembled in the field. [8] The curtain wall system is composed of clear glass pieces, tinted blue vision glass pieces, and opaque spandrel panels in four shades of blue.
This house included "an elaborate double envelope" with a 2-foot-deep air space conditioned by a separate system from the house itself. The object was to maintain high humidity levels inside. [2] One of the first modern examples to be constructed was the Occidental Chemical Building (Niagara Falls, New York, 1980) by Cannon Design. [3]
Curtain wall may refer to: Curtain wall (architecture) , the outer skin of a modern building Curtain wall (fortification) , the outer wall of a castle or defensive wall between two bastions
Larger curtain walls were provided with mural passages or galleries built into the thickness of the walls and provided with arrowslits. If an enemy reached the foot of the wall, they became difficult to see or shoot at directly, so some walls were fitted with a projecting wooden platform called a hoarding or brattice.
The impact of Radburn's urban form on energy conservation for short, local trips was considered in a 1970 study by John Lansing of the University of Michigan. [6] The study found Radburn's design to have important implications for energy conservation: 47% of its residents shopped for groceries on foot, compared to 23% for Reston, Virginia (another Radburn-type development but more car-oriented ...