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  2. Denaturation (biochemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denaturation_(biochemistry)

    In biochemistry, denaturation is a process in which proteins or nucleic acids lose folded structure present in their native state due to various factors, including application of some external stress or compound, such as a strong acid or base, a concentrated inorganic salt, an organic solvent (e.g., alcohol or chloroform), agitation and radiation, or heat. [3]

  3. Denaturation (food) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denaturation_(food)

    Denaturation is the process by which foods or liquids are made unpleasant or dangerous to consume; it is done by adding a substance known as a denaturant. Aversive agents —primarily bitterants and pungent agents —are often used to produce an unpleasant flavor.

  4. Glossary of botanical terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_botanical_terms

    A plant which completes its life cycle (i.e. germinates, reproduces, and dies) within two years or growing seasons. Biennial plants usually form a basal rosette of leaves in the first year and then flower and fruit in the second year. bifid Forked; cut in two for about half its length. Compare trifid. bifoliate

  5. Plant anatomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_anatomy

    Plant anatomy or phytotomy is the general term for the study of the internal structure of plants. Originally, it included plant morphology , the description of the physical form and external structure of plants, but since the mid-20th century, plant anatomy has been considered a separate field referring only to internal plant structure.

  6. Crassulacean acid metabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crassulacean_acid_metabolism

    The pineapple is an example of a CAM plant.. Crassulacean acid metabolism, also known as CAM photosynthesis, is a carbon fixation pathway that evolved in some plants as an adaptation to arid conditions [1] that allows a plant to photosynthesize during the day, but only exchange gases at night.

  7. Denaturation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denaturation

    Denaturation (biochemistry), a structural change in macromolecules caused by extreme conditions; Denaturation (fissile materials), transforming fissile materials so that they cannot be used in nuclear weapons; Denaturation (food), intentional adulteration of food or drink rendering it unfit for consumption while remaining suitable for other uses

  8. Chaperone (protein) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaperone_(protein)

    A top-view of the GroES/GroEL bacterial chaperone complex model. In molecular biology, molecular chaperones are proteins that assist the conformational folding or unfolding of large proteins or macromolecular protein complexes.

  9. Plant morphology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_morphology

    Plant development is the process by which structures originate and mature as a plant grows. It is a subject studies in plant anatomy and plant physiology as well as plant morphology. The process of development in plants is fundamentally different from that seen in vertebrate animals. When an animal embryo begins to develop, it will very early ...