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Vietnam under Chinese rule or Bắc thuộc (北屬, lit. "belonging to the north") [1] [2] (111 BCE–939 CE, 1407–1428 CE) refers to four historical periods when several portions of modern-day Northern Vietnam was under the rule of various Chinese dynasties.
Similar to Chinese dynasties, Vietnamese dynasties would adopt a quốc hiệu (; "name of the state") upon the establishment of the realm. However, as it was common for several dynasties to share the same official name, referring to regimes by their official name in historiography would be potentially confusing.
The inter-ethnic marriage between Chinese and Vietnamese brought Chinese customs into Vietnam society. For example, crocodiles were eaten by Vietnamese while they were taboo and off-limits for Chinese. Vietnamese women who married Chinese men adopted the Chinese taboo. [134] Vietnamese women were wedded to the Chinese who helped sell Viet Minh ...
Chapuis, Oscar (2000), The last emperors of Vietnam: from Tự Đức to Bảo Đại, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 0-313-31170-6; Woodside, Alexander (1988). Vietnam and the Chinese Model: A Comparative Study of Vietnamese and Chinese Government in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century. Harvard University Asia Center. ISBN 978-0-674 ...
The period has been given some controversial conclusions by Vietnamese historians, as some consider Zhao's rule as the starting point of the Chinese domination, since Zhao Tuo was a former Qin general; whereas others consider it still an era of Vietnamese independence as the Zhao family in Nanyue were assimilated into local culture. [45]
Jiaozhou is incorporated into Tang Empire [25] 679: Jiaozhi is renamed Annan (An Nam) [26] 687: Lý Tự Tiên and Đinh Kiến revolt at Đại La in response to a raise in harvest tax [27] 691: I-ching's book Commentary about Monks of the Great Tang mentions 6 Vietnamese Buddhist monks who traveled to India
The Vietnamese people (Vietnamese: người Việt , lit. ' Việt people ' or ' Việt humans ') or the Kinh people (Vietnamese: người Kinh , lit. 'Metropolitan people'), also recognized as the Viet people [67] or the Viets, are a Southeast Asian ethnic group native to modern-day northern Vietnam and southern China who speak Vietnamese, the most widely spoken Austroasiatic language.
The Minh Hương were Chinese refugees that had migrated and settled down in Vietnam earlier during the 17th century, who married with Vietnamese women, had been substantially assimilated to local Vietnamese and Khmer populaces, and loyal to the Nguyen, [238] compared to the Thanh nhân that recently arrived in Southern Vietnam, dominated the ...