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The total cost, total revenue, and fixed cost curves can each be constructed with simple formula. For example, the total revenue curve is simply the product of selling price times quantity for each output quantity. The data used in these formula come either from accounting records or from various estimation techniques such as regression analysis.
Profit maximization using the total revenue and total cost curves of a perfect competitor. To obtain the profit maximizing output quantity, we start by recognizing that profit is equal to total revenue minus total cost (). Given a table of costs and revenues at each quantity, we can either compute equations or plot the data directly on a graph.
Price and total revenue have a negative relationship when demand is elastic (price elasticity > 1), which means that increases in price will lead to decreases in total revenue. Price changes will not affect total revenue when the demand is unit elastic (price elasticity = 1). Maximum total revenue is achieved where the elasticity of demand is 1.
Netting out fixed costs, a firm then faces the requirement that (total revenue equals or exceeds variable costs), in order to continue operating. Thus, a firm will find it profitable in the short run to operate so long as the market price equals or exceeds average variable cost ( p ≥ AVC ). [ 3 ]
To verify a unit margin ($): Selling price per unit = Unit margin + Cost per Unit; To verify a margin (%): Cost as % of sales = 100% − Margin % "When considering multiple products with different revenues and costs, we can calculate overall margin (%) on either of two bases: Total revenue and total costs for all products, or the dollar ...
[1] [3] [8] The marginal revenue (the increase in total revenue) is the price the firm gets on the additional unit sold, less the revenue lost by reducing the price on all other units that were sold prior to the decrease in price. Marginal revenue is the concept of a firm sacrificing the opportunity to sell the current output at a certain price ...
It is equal to total revenue minus total cost, including both explicit and implicit costs. [2] It is different from accounting profit, which only relates to the explicit costs that appear on a firm's financial statements. An accountant measures the firm's accounting profit as the firm's total revenue minus only the firm's explicit costs. An ...
Total revenue, the product price times the quantity of the product demanded, can be represented at an initial point by a rectangle with corners at the following four points on the demand graph: price (P 1), quantity demanded (Q 1), point A on the demand curve, and the origin (the intersection of the price axis and the quantity axis).