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Education in the United Kingdom is a devolved matter, with each of the countries of the United Kingdom having separate systems under separate governments. The UK Government is responsible for England, whilst the Scottish Government, the Welsh Government and the Northern Ireland Executive are responsible for Scotland, [6] Wales [7] and Northern Ireland, respectively.
The European Union's interest in Education policy (as opposed to Education programmes) developed after the Lisbon summit in March 2000, at which the EU's Heads of State and Government asked the Education Ministers of the EU to reflect on the "concrete objectives" of education systems with a view to improving them. [2]
The history of education in England is documented from Saxon settlement of England, and the setting up of the first cathedral schools in 597 and 604.. Education in England remained closely linked to religious institutions until the nineteenth century, although charity schools and "free grammar schools", which were open to children of any religious beliefs, became more common in the early ...
The age at which a pupil may choose to stop education is commonly known as the "leaving age" for compulsory education. This age was raised to 18 by the Education and Skills Act 2008; the change took effect in 2013 for 16-year-olds and 2015 for 17-year-olds.
Statistics for 2021 suggested that 91.5 of 16- and 17-year-olds in England were in full time education or an apprenticeship, 4.4% in other training and 5% NEET. [44] [45] A 2020 report suggested that the percentage of 16- to 17-year-olds in the UK in any kind of paid employment had fallen from 48.1% in 1997-99 to 25.4% in 2017-19. [46]
The changes were not debated or voted on in the commons, instead being considered by the Third Delegated Legislation Committee in January 2016. The lack of a vote on the matter has drawn criticism, as by circumventing the commons the measures "automatically become law". The committee lacks the power to reject legislation independently. [63]
Education reform is the name given to the goal of changing public education. The meaning and education methods have changed through debates over what content or experiences result in an educated individual or an educated society. Historically, the motivations for reform have not reflected the current needs of society.
The National Curriculum for England is the statutory standard of school subjects, lesson content, and attainment levels for primary and secondary schools in England. It is compulsory for local authority -maintained schools, but also often followed by independent schools and state-funded academies .