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Since then, the particle has been shown to behave, interact, and decay in many of the ways predicted for Higgs particles by the Standard Model, as well as having even parity and zero spin, two fundamental attributes of a Higgs boson. This also means it is the first elementary scalar particle discovered in nature.
A quark (/ k w ɔːr k, k w ɑːr k /) is a type of elementary particle and a fundamental constituent of matter.Quarks combine to form composite particles called hadrons, the most stable of which are protons and neutrons, the components of atomic nuclei. [1]
The Standard Model of particle physics contains 12 flavors of elementary fermions, plus their corresponding antiparticles, as well as elementary bosons that mediate the forces and the Higgs boson, which was reported on July 4, 2012, as having been likely detected by the two main experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (ATLAS and CMS). [1]
While concerns existed about the validity of these states, the Particle Data Group gave the Θ + a 3-star rating (out of 4) in the 2004 Review of Particle Physics. [14] Two other pentaquark states were reported albeit with low statistical significance—the Φ −− (ddss u), with a mass of 1860 MeV/c 2 and the Θ 0 c (uudd c), with a mass of ...
According to the Standard Model of particle physics, a subatomic particle can be either a composite particle, which is composed of other particles (for example, a baryon, like a proton or a neutron, composed of three quarks; or a meson, composed of two quarks), or an elementary particle, which is not composed of other particles (for example ...
This second-generation particle is the third-most-massive quark, with a mass of 1.27 ± 0.02 GeV/c 2 as measured in 2022, and a charge of + 2 / 3 e. The existence of the charm quark was first predicted by James Bjorken and Sheldon Glashow in 1964, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and in 1970, Glashow, John Iliopoulos , and Luciano Maiani showed how ...
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In particle physics, a gauge boson is a bosonic elementary particle that acts as the force carrier for elementary fermions. [1] [2] Elementary particles whose interactions are described by a gauge theory interact with each other by the exchange of gauge bosons, usually as virtual particles. Photons, W and Z bosons, and gluons are gauge bosons.